Modification of the Rankine-Hugoniot relations for shocks in space
Modification of the Rankine-Hugoniot relations for shocks in space
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DOI：
10.1029/ja077i028p05455
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发表时间：
1972-10
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Chao;B. Goldstein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Chao;B. Goldstein
磁流体冲击的兰金-于贡尼奥 (R-H) 方程经过扩展，考虑到由于冲击附近的波浪和/或湍流和/或热流而产生的能量通量和动量通量。对在太空中观察到的十八次冲击进行了分析。研究发现，马赫数>2的激波要满足与空间测量参数值的R-H关系，需要有波和/或湍流和/或热流，而马赫数<2的激波则不需要波和/或湍流来满足R-H方程。讨论了波、湍流和热流。波动可能会极大地影响时间平均 R-H 关系。当阿尔文波存在于激波附近时，使用一种方法来获得热各向异性。对于水手5号观测到的1967年8月30日的预震，我们估计各向异性参数应为0.6±0.2。
The Rankine-Hugoniot (R-H) equations for hydromagnetic shocks are extended to take into consideration the energy flux and momentum flux due to waves and/or turbulence and/or heat flow in the vicinity of shocks. Eighteen shocks observed in space were analyzed. It is found that, in order to satisfy the R-H relations with the values of measured parameters in space, waves and/or turbulence and/or heat flow are needed for the shocks with a Mach number of >2, and no waves and/or turbulence are needed to satisfy the R-H equations for the shocks with a Mach number of <2. A discussion of the waves, turbulence, and heat flow is given. Fluctuations may considerably affect the time-averaged R-H relations. A method is used to obtain the thermal anisotropies when Alfven waves are present in the vicinity of the shocks. For the preshock of August 30, 1967, observed by Mariner 5, we estimated that the anisotropy parameters should be 0.6 ± 0.2.