Identification and functional analysis of the NLP-encoding genes from the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici
Identification and functional analysis of the NLP-encoding genes from the phytopathogenic oomycete Phytophthora capsici
复制标题
植物病原卵菌辣椒疫霉 NLP 编码基因的鉴定和功能分析
DOI：
10.1007/s00438-018-1432-7
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发表时间：
2018-08-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Zhu, Feng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Xiao-Ren;Huang, Shen-Xin;Zhu, Feng
辣椒疫霉是一种半生物营养型植物病原性卵菌，可感染多种作物，在全世界造成重大经济损失。通过分泌效应蛋白的多种武器，半生物营养病原体可以操纵植物细胞死亡以建立成功的感染和定殖。在这项研究中，我们描述了对辣椒中编码坏死和乙烯诱导肽 1 (Nep1) 样蛋白 (NLP) 的基因家族的分析，并鉴定了 39 个真实的 NLP 基因和 26 个 NLP 假基因。在 65 个预测的 NLP 基因中，48 个出现在具有两个或更多基因的组中，而其余的似乎是随机分布在基因组中的单基因。对 39 个真实 NLP 的系统发育分析将其划分为三组。对效应子活性重要的关键残基/基序在大多数 NLP 中退化，包括由保守区 I（11-aa 免疫原性部分）和保守区 II（七肽 GHRHDWE 基序）组成的 nlp24 肽，这对植物毒性活性很重要。八个选定的 NLP 基因的转录谱表明，它们在辣椒 P. capsici 的发育和植物感染阶段存在差异表达。对十个克隆 NLP 的功能分析表明，Pc11951、Pc107869、Pc109174 和 Pc118548 能够诱导茄科植物（包括烟草和辣椒）细胞死亡。本研究概述了辣椒疫霉NLP基因家族，为进一步阐明这种毁灭性病原体的致病机制奠定了基础。
Phytophthora capsici is a hemibiotrophic, phytopathogenic oomycete that infects a wide range of crops, resulting in significant economic losses worldwide. By means of a diverse arsenal of secreted effector proteins, hemibiotrophic pathogens may manipulate plant cell death to establish a successful infection and colonization. In this study, we described the analysis of the gene family encoding necrosis- and ethylene-inducing peptide 1 (Nep1)-like proteins (NLPs) in P. capsici, and identified 39 real NLP genes and 26 NLP pseudogenes. Out of the 65 predicted NLP genes, 48 occur in groups with two or more genes, whereas the remainder appears to be singletons distributed randomly among the genome. Phylogenetic analysis of the 39 real NLPs delineated three groups. Key residues/motif important for the effector activities are degenerated in most NLPs, including the nlp24 peptide consisting of the conserved region I (11-aa immunogenic part) and conserved region II (the heptapeptide GHRHDWE motif) that is important for phytotoxic activity. Transcriptional profiling of eight selected NLP genes indicated that they were differentially expressed during the developmental and plant infection phases of P. capsici. Functional analysis of ten cloned NLPs demonstrated that Pc11951, Pc107869, Pc109174 and Pc118548 were capable of inducing cell death in the Solanaceae, including Nicotiana benthamiana and hot pepper. This study provides an overview of the P. capsici NLP gene family, laying a foundation for further elucidating the pathogenicity mechanism of this devastating pathogen.