Random Quantum Networks
Random Quantum Networks
复制标题
随机量子网络
DOI：
10.1126/science.1187084
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
56.9
通讯作者：
D. Wiersma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Wiersma
无序材料的光学模式可以与原子发射耦合，并可以创建在量子信息处理中有用的状态。光与物质在量子水平上的相互作用为处理和传输信息提供了有趣的方法[例如，见(1)]。然而，量子计算机的实验实现仍处于起步阶段。一个主要的挑战是实现一个量子位——纠缠量子态的位的量子版本——它可以被操纵并与其他量子位耦合。例如，光与物质耦合的一种策略是将原子或量子点放在一个微小的腔中，在那里它与腔的光学模式共振耦合(2)。这种方法的实际困难在于需要一个高效的腔体，并且必须精确地调谐到源的发射频率。在本期的第1352页，Sapienza等人报道了一种极大地简化了这个问题的方法(3)。他们故意创造了一种非常无序的光子结构，在这种结构中，在许多频率上形成了有效的随机空腔。
The optical modes of disordered materials can couple with atomic emission and could create states that would be useful in quantum information processing. The interaction between light and matter at the quantum level offers intriguing ways to process and transport information [see, for example, (1)]. Experimental realizations of quantum computers are, however, still in their infancy. A major challenge is the realization of a qubit—the quantum version of a bit that entangles quantum states—that can be manipulated and coupled to other qubits. For example, one strategy for coupling light and matter places an atom or quantum dot in a tiny cavity, where it couples resonantly with the cavity's optical modes (2). Practical difficulties of this approach arise because a highly efficient cavity is needed, and it must also be exactly tuned to the emission frequency of the source. On page 1352 of this issue, Sapienza et al. report an approach that simplifies this problem enormously (3). They have created a photonic structure that intentionally is very disordered, in which efficient random cavities are formed at many frequencies.