Academic Freedom, Democracy and the Public Policy Process
Academic Freedom, Democracy and the Public Policy Process
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学术自由、民主和公共政策过程
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Mittenzwei
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Bryden;K. Mittenzwei
这篇文章是由900多年来关于学术自由对民主和人类进步的重要性的辩论所构成的。特别是，它讨论了一些当代威胁到学术自由的研究人员和研究机构在公共政策过程中的作用。利用一系列最近的案例研究，试图干扰在转基因食品，气候变化和农业等关键敏感政策领域的研究成果的出版，有人认为，虽然学术自由在公共政策的发展中发挥着至关重要的作用，它目前正受到威胁。在一个框架内讨论这一问题，以便了解研究人员与干预国家、在任何特定干预中具有经济或社会利益的公司和非政府部门、媒体和公民之间的关系。我们应用的框架，最近的情况下，在几个有争议的政策领域，说明已经出现的问题。此外，我们假设，问题已经变得更加尖锐，因为私有化和新的公共管理的研究议程和目标，往往越来越多地由政策制定者的时代开始。最后，我们得出一些结论，研究人员和研究机构在现代民主国家的农业和农村事务中的作用，认为言论和表达自由是研究人员的政策作用的一个重要因素。其根源是代议制民主和参与式民主之间日益激烈的争论。
This article is framed by the 900-plus year old debate on the importance of academic freedom for democracy and human progress outlined by Karran. In particular, it discusses some contemporary threats to academic freedom in relation to the role of researchers and research institutes in the public policy process. Using a series of recent case studies of attempts to interfere with the publication of research findings in key sensitive policy areas of genetically modified foodstuffs, climate change, and agriculture, it is argued that while academic freedom plays a crucial role in relation to the development of public policies, it is currently under threat. This matter is discussed within a framework that allows the understanding of the relationship between researchers and the intervening State, the corporate and non-government sectors with economic or social interests in any particular intervention, the media, and citizens. We apply the framework to recent cases in several controversial areas of policy that illustrate problems that have arisen. Moreover, we hypothesise that the problems have become more acute since the start of the era of privatisation and new public management with research agendas and targets often being increasingly set by policymakers. Finally, we draw some conclusions about the role of researchers and institutes in relation to agricultural and rural matters in modern democracies, arguing that freedom of speech and expression is an essential element in the policy role of researchers. At the root of this is the intensifying debate between representative and participatory democracy.
主体性和知识权力斗争在公共政策形成中的作用
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Shortall S
通讯作者：
Shortall S