Habituation of the orienting reflex and the development of Preliminary Process Theory
Habituation of the orienting reflex and the development of Preliminary Process Theory
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nlm.2008.07.007
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发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Barry, Robert J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barry, Robert J.
定向反射（OR），由无害的刺激引起，可以被认为是生物体与其环境相互作用的模型，并被描述为注意处理的单位。OR的一个主要决定因素是引发刺激的新奇，通常在刺激重复的减少方面操作化，其影响通常用习惯化术语描述。本文概述了一项研究计划，跨越30多年，调查心理生理方面的OR在人类。在这项研究中的主要并发症是，在OR背景下作为因变量使用的许多生理措施未能与刺激参数共同协变。这导致了初步处理理论（PPT）的OR的发展，以适应所观察到的刺激反应模式的复杂性。PPT在很大程度上是基于自主措施，目前的工作是试图整合脑电图的措施，特别是在事件相关的脑电位反映刺激处理方面的组件。本报告的重点是使用习惯化现象的定义标准，以及格罗夫斯和汤普森的双过程理论，在PPT的发展。(C)2008年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
The orienting reflex (OR), elicited by an innocuous stimulus, can be regarded as a model of the organism's interaction with its environment, and has been described as the unit of attentional processing. A major determinant of the OR is the novelty of the eliciting stimulus, generally operationalised in terms of its reduction with stimulus repetition, the effects of which are commonly described in habituation terms. This paper provides an overview of a research programme, spanning more than 30 years, investigating psychophysiological aspects of the OR in humans. The major complication in this research is that the numerous physiological measures used as dependent variables in the OR context fail to jointly covary with stimulus parameters. This has led to the development of the Preliminary Process Theory (PPT) of the OR to accommodate the complexity of the observed stimulus-response patterns. PPT is largely grounded in autonomic measures, and current work is attempting to integrate electroencephalographic measures, particularly components in the event-related brain potentials reflecting aspects of stimulus processing. The emphasis in the current presentation is on the use of the defining criteria of the habituation phenomenon, and Groves and Thompson's Dual-process Theory, in the development of PPT. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.