Practice-ing behaviour change: Applying social practice theory to pro-environmental behaviour change
Practice-ing behaviour change: Applying social practice theory to pro-environmental behaviour change
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DOI：
10.1177/1469540510390500
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hargreaves, Tom
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hargreaves, Tom
本文通过对一个工作场所中发生的行为改变倡议——“环境卫士”进行民族志案例研究（九个月的参与式观察和38次半结构化访谈），将社会实践理论的见解应用于亲环境行为改变的研究。与传统的、个人主义的和理性主义的行为改变方法不同，社会实践理论将个体从分析中去中心化，转而关注实践的社会和集体组织——塑造个体在世界中的感知、解释和行动的广泛文化实体。通过考虑“环境卫士”倡议的规划和实施，本文认为实践理论为行为改变过程提供了一种更全面、更基于实际情况的视角。这样做，它为行为改变提供了一系列平凡的立足点，而不仅仅是个体的态度或价值观。同时，它揭示了在尝试挑战和改变实践过程中遇到的巨大困难，这些困难远远超出了消除改变的情境“障碍”，而是涉及到正常日常生活的组织。文章最后考虑了基于实践的方法的优点和缺点，强调需要更好地理解社会互动和权力关系在实践的实际表现中的作用。
This article applies the insights of social practice theory to the study of pro-environmental behaviour change through an ethnographic case study (nine months of participant observation and 38 semi-structured interviews) of a behaviour change initiative - Environment Champions - that occurred in a workplace. In contrast to conventional, individualistic and rationalist approaches to behaviour change, social practice theory de-centres individuals from analyses, and turns attention instead towards the social and collective organization of practices - broad cultural entities that shape individuals' perceptions, interpretations and actions within the world. By considering the planning and delivery of the Environment Champions initiative, the article suggests that practice theory provides a more holistic and grounded perspective on behaviour change processes as they occur in situ. In so doing, it offers up a wide range of mundane footholds for behavioural change, over and above individuals' attitudes or values. At the same time, it reveals the profound difficulties encountered in attempts to challenge and change practices, difficulties that extend far beyond the removal of contextual 'barriers' to change and instead implicate the organization of normal everyday life. The article concludes by considering the benefits and shortcomings of a practice-based approach emphasizing a need for it to develop a greater understanding of the role of social interactions and power relations in the grounded performance of practices.