Key players in conservation diffusion: Using social network analysis to identify critical injection points
Key players in conservation diffusion: Using social network analysis to identify critical injection points
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2017.03.031
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发表时间：
2017-06-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Barnes, Michele L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mbaru, Emmanuel K.;Barnes, Michele L.
确定合适的利益相关者是确保保护信息和倡议在目标人群中传播的基础。然而，这一过程可能具有挑战性，特别是当从业者和政策制定者努力应对不同的保护目标和相关利益相关者的多样化景观时。在这里，我们利用社会网络理论和方法来制定选择“关键参与者”的指导方针，以更好地实现四个不同的保护目标：(1)保护信息的快速传播，(2)在不相关群体之间的传播，(3)复杂知识或倡议的快速传播，或(4)在更长的时间内广泛传播保护信息或复杂倡议。利用肯尼亚六个村庄沿海渔民的完整网络数据，我们应用这种方法为每种保护目标选择关键参与者。然后，我们利用来自肯尼亚沿海七个资源管理和保护组织的关键信息访谈，调查我们确定的关键参与者的社会经济属性是否与通常选择的社会经济属性相匹配，以促进保护扩散（即“当前参与者”）。我们的研究结果显示了当前参与者和主要参与者之间的明显差异，突出了错过了推进更有效的保护传播的机会。我们总结了选择关键利益相关者的具体标准，以促进每个不同的保护目标，从而有助于以避免蓝图方法的方式减轻利益相关者识别问题。这些准则也可应用于其他研究和干预领域，如社区发展研究、参与性研究和社区干预。
Identifying the right stakeholders to engage with is fundamental to ensuring conservation information and initiatives diffuse through target populations. Yet this process can be challenging, particularly as practitioners and policy makers grapple with different conservation objectives and a diverse landscape of relevant stakeholders. Here we draw on social network theory and methods to develop guidelines for selecting 'key players' better positioned to successfully implement four distinct conservation objectives: (1) rapid diffusion of conservation information, (2) diffusion between disconnected groups (3) rapid diffusion of complex knowledge or initiatives, or (4) widespread diffusion of conservation information or complex initiatives over a longer time period. Using complete network data among coastal fishers from six villages in Kenya, we apply this approach to select key players for each type of conservation objective. We then draw on key informant interviews from seven resource management and conservation organizations working along the Kenyan coast to investigate whether the socioeconomic attributes of the key players we identified match the ones typically selected to facilitate conservation diffusion (i.e., 'current players'). Our findings show clear discrepancies between current players and key players, highlighting missed opportunities for progressing more effective conservation diffusion. We conclude with specific criteria for selecting key stakeholders to facilitate each distinct conservation objective, thereby helping to mitigate the problem of stakeholder identification in ways that avoid blueprint approaches. These guidelines can also be applied in other research and intervention areas, such as community development studies, participatory research, and community intervention.