Role of pet dogs and cats in the transmission of helminthic zoonoses in Europe, with a focus on echinococcosis and toxocarosis
Role of pet dogs and cats in the transmission of helminthic zoonoses in Europe, with a focus on echinococcosis and toxocarosis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.07.014
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发表时间：
2011-11-24
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Overgaauw, Paul A. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deplazes, Peter;van Knapen, Frans;Overgaauw, Paul A. M.
人与伴侣动物之间的亲密情感纽带是一种有益的关系，被称为人类动物纽带。然而，宠物狗和猫在传播蠕虫动物源性病原体（如绦虫棘球绦虫和蛔虫弓首线虫）方面可发挥重要作用，这些病原体可直接从宠物传播到人类环境中，而无需媒介或中间宿主的参与。在人类中，棘球蚴病已经出现在欧洲，弓蛔虫病仍然在大的流行地区持续存在，尽管有高效的狗和猫驱虫药。生态变化显著促成了这些趋势：野生狐狸的高种群和自由漫游的狗和猫的高密度保持了这些和其他寄生虫的永久感染压力。此外，建立更接近自然生态系统的城市休闲环境增加了代表城市人畜共患蠕虫水库的田鼠种群。规划和实施有效的预防策略需要充分了解寄生虫的生物学和流行病学，包括传播给人类的情况。兽医的继续教育和宠物主人的信息，提供统一的建议是优先重要的。兽医和公共卫生专业人员之间需要在“一个健康”的概念中密切合作。(C)2011 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。
The close emotional tie between people and companion animals is a beneficial relation known as the human animal bond. However, pet dogs and cats can play an important role in the transmission of helminthic zoonotic agents such as the tapeworms Echinococcus and the roundworms Toxocara which are directly transmitted from pets to the human environment without the involvement of vectors or intermediate hosts. In humans, echinococcosis has emerged in Europe and toxocarosis is still persisting in large endemic areas despite the availability of highly efficient anthelminthics for dogs and cats. Ecological changes significantly contributed to these trends: the high wild fox populations and the high density of freely roaming dogs and cats maintain a permanent infection pressure of these and other parasites. Further, the establishment of urban recreational environments closer to natural ecological systems boosted vole populations that represent urban reservoirs for zoonotic helminths. A good understanding of the parasites' biology and epidemiology including the transmission to humans is required for planning and implementing effective prevention strategies. The continuous education of veterinarians and the information of the pet owners by providing uniform recommendations are of priority importance. A close collaboration between veterinary and public health professionals in a 'One Health' concept is required. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.