The basal ganglia and motor control.
The basal ganglia and motor control.
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DOI：
10.1155/np.2003.107
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发表时间：
2003
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Groenewegen HJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Groenewegen HJ
本文就基底节的功能解剖及其与丘脑皮质系统的关系作一简要综述。基底节，包括纹状体、苍白球、丘脑底核和黑质，参与许多平行的、功能性分离的皮质-皮质下环路。这些回路支持广泛的感觉运动、认知和情绪激励大脑功能。基底节的一个主要作用是学习和选择最合适的运动或行为程序。基底节的内部功能组织非常适合这种选择机制，无论是在发育过程中还是在成年期。关于笨拙是否至少部分归因于基底节功能障碍的问题，在基底节和小脑在运动控制发展中的不同、互补或相互作用的背景下进行了讨论。
This paper briefly reviews the functional anatomy of the basal ganglia and their relationships with the thalamocortical system. The basal ganglia, including the striatum, pallidum, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra, are involved in a number of parallel, functionally segregated cortical-subcortical circuits. These circuits support a wide range of sensorimotor, cognitive and emotional-motivational brain functions. A main role of the basal ganglia is the learning and selection of the most appropriate motor or behavioral programs. The internal functional organization of the basal ganglia is very well suited for such selection mechanisms, both in development and in adulthood. The question of whether clumsiness may be, at least in part, attributed to dysfunction of the basal ganglia is discussed in the context of the differential, complementary, or interactive roles of the basal ganglia and the cerebellum in the development of motor control.