Decellularized Extracellular Matrix as an In Vitro Model to Study the Comprehensive Roles of the ECM in Stem Cell Differentiation.
Decellularized Extracellular Matrix as an In Vitro Model to Study the Comprehensive Roles of the ECM in Stem Cell Differentiation.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/6397820
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Tanaka M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hoshiba T;Chen G;Endo C;Maruyama H;Wakui M;Nemoto E;Kawazoe N;Tanaka M
干细胞是再生医学中很有前途的细胞来源。干细胞分化必须得到调控才能应用于再生医学。干细胞在体内被细胞外基质（ECM）包围。ECM由多种类型的蛋白质和糖胺聚糖组成，它们组装成一个复杂的结构。ECM分子的组装通过许多ECM分子激活的精心安排的细胞内信号传导影响干细胞分化。因此，了解ECM在干细胞分化中的综合作用以及单个ECM分子的功能是很重要的。脱细胞的外膜是一种有用的体外模型，用于研究外膜的综合作用，因为它保留了天然的结构和组成。脱细胞ECM可以从体内组织ECM或体外培养细胞制备的ECM中获得。选择正确的脱细胞ECM是很重要的，因为每种类型都有不同的性质。在这篇综述中，组织来源和细胞来源的去细胞化ECM作为体外ECM模型进行了比较，以研究ECM在干细胞分化中的综合作用。我们还总结了最近使用脱细胞ECM的研究，以确定ECM在干细胞分化中的综合作用。
Stem cells are a promising cell source for regenerative medicine. Stem cell differentiation must be regulated for applications in regenerative medicine. Stem cells are surrounded by extracellular matrix (ECM) in vivo. The ECM is composed of many types of proteins and glycosaminoglycans that assemble into a complex structure. The assembly of ECM molecules influences stem cell differentiation through orchestrated intracellular signaling activated by many ECM molecules. Therefore, it is important to understand the comprehensive role of the ECM in stem cell differentiation as well as the functions of the individual ECM molecules. Decellularized ECM is a useful in vitro model for studying the comprehensive roles of ECM because it retains a native-like structure and composition. Decellularized ECM can be obtained from in vivo tissue ECM or ECM fabricated by cells cultured in vitro. It is important to select the correct decellularized ECM because each type has different properties. In this review, tissue-derived and cell-derived decellularized ECMs are compared as in vitro ECM models to examine the comprehensive roles of the ECM in stem cell differentiation. We also summarize recent studies using decellularized ECM to determine the comprehensive roles of the ECM in stem cell differentiation.