Neonatal Diet Impacts Circulatory miRNA Profile in a Porcine Model
Neonatal Diet Impacts Circulatory miRNA Profile in a Porcine Model
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2020.01240
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发表时间：
2020-06-23
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Yeruva, Laxmi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carr, Laura E.;Bowlin, Anne K.;Yeruva, Laxmi
microRNA（miRNAs）是一种存在于几乎所有物种和母乳中的保守的非编码小核苷酸分子。母乳中存在的miRNA对冻融、RNA酶处理和低pH非常稳定，因为它们在外泌体内部受到保护。它们参与调节几种生理和病理过程，包括免疫途径，并且我们已经证明，与乳制品配方奶粉（MF）相比，母乳（HM）喂养的仔猪对疫苗的免疫应答更好。为了了解新生儿饮食是否影响循环miRNA表达，在出生后第21天（PND）时饲喂HM或MF的仔猪中以及在PND 35和51时断奶后饲喂固体饮食的仔猪中评价血清miRNA表达。在PND 21时，相对于HM喂养的仔猪，MF喂养的仔猪显示出14种miRNA的表达增加和10种miRNA的表达减少。在PND 35时，与HM组相比，MF组中有9种miRNA下调。在PND 51时，相对于HM，MF中10种miRNA减少，17种增加，表明新生儿饮食的持续影响。PND 21时，MF中的miR-148和miR-181低于HM。与HM相比，MF中Let-7在PND 35时减少，而miR-199 a和miR-199 b在PND 51时增加。通路分析表明，许多miRNAs参与免疫功能。总之，我们观察到血液miRNA在PND 21和PND 51的差异表达。在母乳中发现的miRNA在MF组的血清中减少，表明饮食影响PND 21时的循环miRNA谱。miRNA在PND 51时继续改变，表明新生儿饮食的持续影响。需要评估循环中miRNA的来源，因为仔猪喂食相同的固体饮食，导致PND 51收集。总之，HM饮食似乎对miRNA谱具有立即和持久的影响，并可能调节影响免疫系统的途径，并对母乳喂养的婴儿有益。
microRNAs (miRNAs) are conserved non-coding small nucleotide molecules found in nearly all species and breastmilk. miRNAs present in breastmilk are very stable to freeze-thaw, RNase treatment, and low pH as they are protected inside exosomes. They are involved in regulating several physiologic and pathologic processes, including immunologic pathways, and we have demonstrated better immune response to vaccines in piglets fed with human milk (HM) in comparison to dairy-based formula (MF). To understand if neonatal diet impacts circulatory miRNA expression, serum miRNA expression was evaluated in piglets fed HM or MF while on their neonatal diet at postnatal day (PND) 21 and post-weaning to solid diet at PND 35 and 51. MF fed piglets showed increased expression of 14 miRNAs and decreased expression of 10 miRNAs, relative to HM fed piglets at PND 21. At PND 35, 9 miRNAs were downregulated in the MF compared to the HM group. At PND 51, 10 miRNAs were decreased and 17 were increased in the MF relative to HM suggesting the persistent effect of neonatal diet. miR-148 and miR-181 were decreased in MF compared to HM at PND 21. Let-7 was decreased at PND 35 while miR-199a and miR-199b were increased at PND 51 in MF compared to HM. Pathway analysis suggested that many of the miRNAs are involved in immune function. In conclusion, we observed differential expression of blood miRNAs at both PND 21 and PND 51. miRNA found in breastmilk were decreased in the serum of the MF group, suggesting that diet impacts circulating miRNA profiles at PND 21. The miRNAs continue to be altered at PND 51 suggesting a persistent effect of the neonatal diet. The sources of miRNAs in circulation need to be evaluated, as the piglets were fed the same solid diet leading up to PND 51 collections. In conclusion, the HM diet appears to have an immediate and persistent effect on the miRNA profile and likely regulates the pathways that impact the immune system and pose benefits to breastfed infants.