Physiology of amniotic fluid volume regulation
Physiology of amniotic fluid volume regulation
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DOI：
10.1097/00003081-199706000-00005
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发表时间：
1997-06-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Brace, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brace, RA
在胎儿宫内发育期间，羊水包围着胎儿。这种液体为胎儿提供了几个重要的益处，因为它缓冲胎儿免受创伤，具有抗菌特性以减少感染，并且用作可以为胎儿提供短期液体和营养源的储存器。此外，胎儿肌肉骨骼系统正常发育、胃肠道系统发育以及胎儿肺部发育和成熟需要至少适量的羊水，以便为出生时必须突然开始的空气呼吸做准备。因此，发现羊水过少（羊水过少）和羊水过多（羊水过多）与围产期发病率和死亡率增加有关并不奇怪。1，2虽然胎儿先天性异常和各种疾病状态如胎儿感染或贫血通常与羊水过少或羊水过多有关，但很多时候胎儿是正常的，除了羊水量（AFV）的异常。即使胎儿正常，羊水量异常也会增加围产期发病率和死亡率。因此，重要的是要了解AFV的生理调节，以便可以开发适当的治疗方法来恢复AFV到其正常范围，从而降低羊水过少或羊水过多引起的胎儿和新生儿危害的发生率。
Amniotic fluid surrounds the fetus during intrauterine development. This fluid provides several important benefits to the fetus in that it cushions the fetus against trauma, has antibacterial properties to lessen infections, and functions as a reservoir that may provide a short-term source of fluid and nutrients to the fetus. In addition, at least moderate amounts of amniotic fluid are required for the fetal musculoskeletal system to develop normally, for gastrointestinal system development, and for the fetal lungs to develop and mature as needed in preparation for the breathing of air that must commence abruptly at birth. Hence, it is not surprising to find that oligohydramnios (too little amniotic fluid) and polyhydramnios (too much amniotic fluid) are associated with increased rates of perinatal morbidity and mortality. 1, 2 Although fetal congenital anomalies and a variety of disease states such as fetal infection or anemia are often associated with oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios, many times the fetus is normal except for the aberration in amniotic fluid volume (AFV). Even with a normal fetus, abnormal amniotic fluid volumes are associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hence, it is important to understand the physiological regulation of AFV so that appropriate therapies can be developed to restore AFV to its normal range and thereby, reduce the rates of fetal and neonatal compromise caused by oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios.