A working memory model of a common procedural error
A working memory model of a common procedural error
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DOI：
10.1207/s15516709cog2101_2
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发表时间：
1997-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Bovair, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Byrne, MD;Bovair, S
系统错误是人类行为的一个重要方面，但尚未得到充分的解释。一个这样的系统性错误被称为完成后错误;一个典型的例子是在提取现金后将卡留在自动柜员机中。这种类型的错误似乎发生在人们在主要目标得到满足后还有一个额外的步骤要执行时。事实上，人们经常犯这种错误，但不是每次都犯这种错误，最好的解释是考虑到执行步骤时的工作记忆负荷：当工作记忆负荷高时会犯错误，但当负荷低时不会犯错误。使用Just和Carpenter（1992）的CAPS构建了一个任务绩效模型，该模型预测高工作记忆负荷与完成后错误相关。两个实验证实，这样的错误可以在实验室以及自然环境中产生，并且CAPS模型产生错误的条件与实验室中发生错误的条件一致。
Systematic errors in performance are an important aspect of human behavior that have not received adequate explanation. One such systematic error is termed postcompletion error; a typical example is leaving one's card in the automatic teller after withdrawing cash. This type of error seems to occur when people have an extra step to perform in a procedure after the main goal has been satisfied. The fact that people frequently make this type of error, but do not make this error every time, may best be explained by considering the working memory load at the time the step is to be performed: The error is made when the load on working memory Is high, but will not be made when the load is low. A model of performance in the task was constructed using Just and Carpenter's (1992) CAPS that predicted that high working memory load should be associated with postcompletion errors. Two experiments confirmed that such errors can be produced in a laboratory as well as a naturalistic setting, and that the conditions under which the CAPS model makes the error are consistent with the conditions under which the errors occur in the laboratory.