Perception of non-native tonal contrasts : effects of native phonological and phonetic influences
Perception of non-native tonal contrasts : effects of native phonological and phonetic influences
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发表时间：
2006
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通讯作者：
Connie K. So
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作者：
Connie K. So
这项研究考察了两组粤语和日语（天真的）听众对普通话声调的感知。给出了一项识别任务，并根据 A 质分数和音调错误分析了他们的反应。结果表明，粤语听众在 A 质分数和音调错误方面的表现与日语听众的表现一致。听众的音调错误还表明，两个听众组在 T1-T4 和 T2-T3 对上都犯了相当多的错误，但粤语听众在 T1-T4 和 T2-T3 对上犯的错误比日语听众更明显。两个听众群体之间的表现差异可以在知觉同化模型的框架中得到解释（PAM：Best，1994，1995）。研究结果表明，声调的语言体验并不一定有助于非母语声调的感知。然而，目标语言和母语的韵律系统之间的音位状态以及语音异同在非母语声调对比的感知中发挥着更重要的作用。此外，结果还揭示了非母语听众对普通话声调感知的一些以前不易察觉的不对称模式。两组听者都对 T1-T2、T1-T4 和 T2-T3 对中的音调表现出极大的困惑，但他们对其他三对音调（T1-T3、T2-T4 和 T3-T4）的错误明显较少。这意味着非母语声调感知也受到目标声调的语音特征的影响。
This study examined the perception of Mandarin tones by two groups of Cantonese and Japanese (naive) listeners. An identification task was given and their responses were analyzed in terms of A-prime scores and tonal errors. The results indicated that the performance of the Cantonese listeners was compatible with that of the Japanese listeners in A-prime scores and tonal errors. The listeners’ tonal errors also showed that both the listener groups made considerable amount of errors for the T1-T4 and T2-T3 pairs, but the Cantonese listeners made more noticeable errors for the T1-T4 and T2-T3 pairs than did the Japanese listeners. The discrepancies in the performance between the two listener groups could be explained in the framework of the Perceptual Assimilation Model (PAM: Best, 1994, 1995). The findings imply that linguistic experience of tones does not necessarily facilitate the perception of nonnative tones. However, the phonemic status and the phonetic similarities or dissimilarities between the prosodic systems of the target and native languages play a more important role in the perception of non-native tone contrasts. In addition, the results revealed some previously unnoticeable asymmetrical patterns for Mandarin tone perception by non-native listeners. Both the listener groups exhibited great confusion about the tones in the T1-T2, T1-T4, and T2-T3 pairs, but they made apparently fewer errors for the other three pairs of tones, T1-T3, T2-T4, and T3-T4. These imply that non-native tonal perception is also influenced by the phonetic characteristics of target tones.