The Seniors' Outdoor Survey: An Observational Tool for Assessing Outdoor Environments at Long-Term Care Settings.
The Seniors' Outdoor Survey: An Observational Tool for Assessing Outdoor Environments at Long-Term Care Settings.
复制标题
老年人户外调查：评估长期护理机构户外环境的观察工具。
DOI：
10.1093/geront/gnu050
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Senes,Giulio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rodiek,Susan;Nejati,Adeleh;Bardenhagen,Eric;Lee,Chanam;Senes,Giulio
StudyTo描述的发展和心理测试的老年人的户外调查（SOS），一种工具，用于评估如何以及在长期护理设置的户外空间支持的喜好和户外usage of resident.Design and MethodsContent效度的主要SOS项目最初是基于相关文献和初步研究，在不同的长期护理设置。在68个辅助生活设施的152个室外空间进行了多区域试点研究后，该仪器进行了大幅修订，并在12个长期护理环境中的22个室外空间进行了评分员间和重测信度测试，使用2名评分员。使用居民调查问卷的内容分析来检验有效性（N= 1，128）来自多区域研究和主题专家（N= 53）的特定项目验证。结果最终仪器包含60个可评级项目，分为5个领域：接触自然（14项）、户外舒适性和安全性（15项）、步行和户外活动（14项）、室内外连接（11项）和与世界的连接（6项）。总体工具的组内相关系数（ICC）评估者间可靠性估计值为0.91，5个领域的范围为0.83至0.98。超过79%的单个项目的评分者间可靠性（ICC）高于0.70。重测信度（ICC）为.92，范围从.81到.98 domains.ImplicationsThe SOS工具填补了现有环境评估工具的空白，为研究人员，供应商和设计师提供了一个可靠的方式来评估和比较长期护理居民的户外空间的支持潜力。
Purpose of the StudyTo describe the development and psychometric testing of the Seniors’ Outdoor Survey (SOS), an instrument for evaluating how well the outdoor space in a long-term care setting supports the preferences and outdoor usage of residents.Design and MethodsContent validity of the main SOS items initially was based on relevant literature and preliminary studies in diverse long-term care settings. After conducting a multiregional pilot study with 152 outdoor spaces at 68 assisted living facilities, the instrument was substantially revised and tested for interrater and test–retest reliability with 22 outdoor spaces at 12 long-term care settings, using 2 raters. Validity was examined using content analysis of resident survey responses (N= 1,128) from the multiregional study and specific item validation by subject matter experts (N= 53).ResultsThe final instrument contains 60 ratable items organized in 5 domains: access to nature (14 items), outdoor comfort and safety (15 items), walking and outdoor activities (14 items), indoor–outdoor connection (11 items), and connection to the world (6 items). Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) estimates of interrater reliability were .91 for the overall instrument, ranging from .83 to .98 for the 5 domains. Interrater reliability (ICC) was above .70 for more than 79% of individual items. Test–retest reliability (ICC) was .92, ranging from .81 to .98 for domains.ImplicationsThe SOS tool fills a gap in the available environmental assessment instruments, providing a reliable way for researchers, providers, and designers to evaluate and compare the supportive potential of outdoor spaces for long-term care residents.