FACTORS AFFECTING L-ASPARAGINASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS
FACTORS AFFECTING L-ASPARAGINASE ACTIVITY IN SOILS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00335825
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发表时间：
1991-01-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
TABATABAI, MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FRANKENBERGER, WT;TABATABAI, MA
对土壤剖面样品中L-天冬酰胺酶分布的研究表明，其活性一般随着样品深度的增加而降低，并伴随着有机C含量的降低。 统计分析表明，在所检查的 26 个表层土壤样品中，L-天冬酰胺酶活性与有机碳 (r = 0.86**) 和总氮 (r = 0.78**) 显着相关 (**P < 0.01)。 L-天冬酰胺酶活性与粘土或沙子的百分比之间没有显着关系。 然而，在所研究的表面样品中，L-天冬酰胺酶活性与酰胺酶 (r = 0.82**) 和脲酶 (r = 0.79**) 活性之间存在显着相关性。 21种微量元素、12种除草剂、2种杀菌剂和2种杀虫剂对土壤中L-天冬酰胺酶活性的影响表明，大多数微量元素和农药在使用浓度下抑制了该酶催化的反应。 不同土壤的抑制程度不同。 微量元素比较时，在5 mu-mol g-1土壤浓度下，三种土壤中L-天冬酰胺酶的平均抑制结果表明，Ag(I)、Cd(II)、Hg(II)、Ni(II)、Pb(II)和V(IV)是最有效的抑制剂(平均抑制小于或等于20%)。 最无效的抑制剂（平均小于或等于 10%）包括 Cu(I)、Ba(II)、Co(II)、Sn(II)、Zn(II)、Al(III)、Se(IV)、As(V) 和 Mo(VI)。 土壤中抑制 L-天冬酰胺酶活性的其他微量元素有 Cu(II)、Mn(II)、As(III)、B(III)、Cr(III)、Fe(III)、Ti(IV) 和 W(VI)。 比较农药时，在10μg活性成分g-1土壤的用量下，三种土壤中L-天冬酰胺酶活性的平均抑制率从Merpan的4%到Malaspray的46%不等。 其他抑制土壤中 L-天冬酰胺酶活性的农药（括号内为平均抑制作用）包括 Aatrex (17%)、Alanap (21%)、amiben (18%)、Banvel (12%)、Bladex (24%)、2,4-D (17%)、二硝胺 (19%)、Eradicane (16%)、Lasso (40%)、百草枯(33%)、Sutan (39%)、Treflan (7%)、Menesan (18%) 和 Diazinon (33%)。
Studies on the distribution of L-asparaginase in soil profile samples revealed that its activity generally decreases with sample depth and is accompanied by a decrease in organic C content. Statistical analyses indicated that L-asparaginase activity was significantly correlated (**P < 0.01) with organic C (r = 0.86**) and total N (r = 0.78**) in the 26 surface soil samples examined. There was no significant relationship between L-asparaginase activity and the percentage of clay or sand. There was, however, a significant correlation between L-asparaginase activity and amidase (r = 0.82**) and urease (r = 0.79**) activities in the surface samples studied. The effects of 21 trace elements, 12 herbicides, 2 fungicides, and 2 insecticides on L-asparaginase activity in soils showed that most of the trace elements and pesticides, at the concentrations used, inhibited the reaction catalyzed by this enzyme. The degree of inhibition varied among soils. When the trace elements were compared, at the rate of 5-mu-mol g-1 soil, the average inhibition of L-asparaginase in three soils showed that Ag(I), Cd(II), Hg(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), and V(IV) were the most effective inhibitors (average inhibition less-than-or-equal-to 20%). The least effective inhibitors (average less-than-or-equal-to 10%) included Cu(I), Ba(II), Co(II), Sn(II), Zn(II), Al(III), Se(IV), As(V), and Mo(VI). Other trace elements that inhibited L-asparaginase activity in soils were Cu(II), Mn(II), As(III), B(III), Cr(III), Fe(III), Ti(IV), and W(VI). When the pesticides were compared, at the rate of 10-mu-g active ingredient g-1 soil, the average inhibition of L-asparaginase activity in three soils ranged from 4% with Merpan to 46% with Malaspray. Other pesticides that inhibited L-asparaginase activity in soils (average inhibition in parentheses) were Aatrex (17%), Alanap (21%), amiben (18%), Banvel (12%), Bladex (24%), 2,4-D (17%), Dinitramine (19%), Eradicane (16%), Lasso (40%), Paraquat (33%), Sutan (39%), Treflan (7%), Menesan (18%), and Diazinon (33%).