Burst of pulses in lightning electromagnetic radiation: observations and implications for lightning test standards
Burst of pulses in lightning electromagnetic radiation: observations and implications for lightning test standards
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DOI：
10.1109/15.494618
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发表时间：
1996-05
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
V. Rakov;M. Uman;G. R. Hoffman;M. W. Masters;M. Brook
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
V. Rakov;M. Uman;G. R. Hoffman;M. W. Masters;M. Brook
分析了由三次多次云对地放电（总共2782个脉冲）和三次云放电（总共1436个脉冲）产生的规则微秒级电场脉冲的爆发，所有这些都是在20公里左右的范围内记录的。NASA肯尼迪航天中心，进行了分析。云对地放电和云放电的规则脉冲爆发是相似的。一个脉冲群的特征是有几十个脉冲，每个脉冲的总宽度为几微秒，平均脉冲间隔为6-7 μ/m。在云对地放电的脉冲峰值约两个数量级小于回击初始场峰值在同一闪光。在云和地面放电，有一种倾向，为突发发生在放电的后期阶段，和正负脉冲极性是大约相等的可能性。许多爆发被发现与K变化的后半部分，而一个明显的M变化似乎是由一个规则的脉冲爆发。所观察到的规则的突发表现出一些类似的“多个突发”（分量H）的标准闪电环境的设计和测试的航空航天飞行器。总的来说，既不是目前的定义的H组成部分给出了在以前出版的文件（见美联储。航空管理，美国部门的Trans.，咨询通告第20-136号，1990年3月5日）和其新提出的修订似乎都是基于充分的实验数据。
Bursts of regular microsecond-scale electric field pulses produced by three multiple-stroke cloud-to-ground discharges (a total of 2782 pulses) and by three cloud discharges (a total of 1436 pulses), all recorded within 20 km or so at the NASA Kennedy Space Center, are analyzed. The regular pulse bursts are similar in both cloud-to-ground and cloud discharges. A burst is characterized by some tens of pulses, each having a total width of a few microseconds, with an average interpulse interval of 6-7 /spl mu/m. Pulse peaks in cloud-to-ground discharges are approximately two orders of magnitude smaller than return-stroke initial field peaks in the same flash. In both cloud and ground discharges, there is a tendency for the bursts to occur in the latter stages of a discharge, and positive and negative pulse polarities are about equally probable. Many bursts were found to be associated with the latter part of K changes while one pronounced M change appeared to be initiated by a regular pulse burst. The observed regular burst exhibit some similarity to the "multiple burst" (component H) of the standard lightning environment for the design and testing of aerospace vehicles. Overall, neither the present definition of the H component given in a previously published document (see Fed. Aviation Admin., US Dept. of Trans., advisory circular no. 20-136, Mar. 5, 1990) nor its newly proposed revision appears to be based on adequate experimental data.