From East Gondwana to Central America: historical biogeography of the Alstroemeriaceae
From East Gondwana to Central America: historical biogeography of the Alstroemeriaceae
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02749.x
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Renner, Susanne S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Chacon, Juliana;de Assis, Marta Camargo;Renner, Susanne S.
目的花木兰科是南美洲、新西兰和/或澳大利亚共有的28个被子植物科之一;在这里，我们研究花木兰科的生物地理学，以更好地了解其在新热带地区多样化的气候和地质环境。我们还比较了Alstroemeriaceae与其他四个南半球的家庭，从巴塔哥尼亚扩展到赤道，推断什么因素可能允许这种扩张跨生物群落。南美洲、中美洲、澳大利亚和新西兰。方法对153份代表Alstroemeriaceae分布区200种植物中的125种的叶绿体基因、线粒体基因和核DNA序列进行分析，并对25个外类群进行分析，以确定Alstroemeriaceae的进化方向。一个放松的时钟模型依赖于多达三个化石校准，和祖先的范围推断使用统计离散vicariance分析（S-DIVA）。从主要生物学特性、分歧时间、迁移方向和生境等方面对有花植物的南半球间断点进行了综述。结果秋水仙科和八棱花科的最新共同祖先生活在晚白垩世的南美洲南部/澳大拉西亚，八棱花科的最新共同祖先可能生活在南美洲/南极洲，新西兰的一个种可能是最近从南美洲扩散而来的。随着巴塔哥尼亚安第斯山脉的隆起，智利的Alstroemeria也变得多样化。18 Ma，一个蜂鸟授粉的分支（Bomarea）在1113 Ma到达北方安第斯山脉。南美洲干旱对角线（SAAD），干旱植被的安第斯雨影1415马的发病造成的带，隔离巴西的Alstroemeria从基础智利/阿根廷等级。主要结论只有六角花科、蒲包科、蜡梅科、毛蕊花科和山龙眼科从巴塔哥尼亚向热带扩展和分化。所有这些人都沿着安第斯山脉向沿着北迁移，但也到达了巴西东南部，在大多数情况下，是在南亚反倾销协定起源之后。我们从Alstroemeria的研究结果表明，SAAD可能是南美洲南部的一个主要生态屏障。
Aim The Alstroemeriaceae is among 28 angiosperm families shared between South America, New Zealand and/or Australia; here, we examine the biogeography of Alstroemeriaceae to better understand the climatic and geological settings for its diversification in the Neotropics. We also compare Alstroemeriaceae with the four other Southern Hemisphere families that expanded from Patagonia to the equator, to infer what factors may have permitted such expansions across biomes. Location South America, Central America, Australia and New Zealand. Methods Three chloroplast genes, one mitochondrial gene and one nuclear DNA region were sequenced for 153 accessions representing 125 of the 200 species of Alstroemeriaceae from throughout the distribution range; 25 outgroup taxa were included to securely infer evolutionary directions and be able to use both ingroup and outgroup fossil constraints. A relaxed-clock model relied on up to three fossil calibrations, and ancestral ranges were inferred using statistical dispersalvicariance analysis (S-DIVA). Southern Hemisphere disjunctions in the flowering plants were reviewed for key biological traits, divergence times, migration directions and habitats occupied. Results The obtained chronogram and ancestral area reconstruction imply that the most recent common ancestor of Colchicaceae and Alstroemeriaceae lived in the Late Cretaceous in southern South America/Australasia, the ancestral region of Alstroemeriaceae may have been South America/Antarctica, and a single New Zealand species is due to recent dispersal from South America. Chilean Alstroemeria diversified with the uplift of the Patagonian Andes c. 18 Ma, and a hummingbird-pollinated clade (Bomarea) reached the northern Andes at 1113 Ma. The South American Arid Diagonal (SAAD), a belt of arid vegetation caused by the onset of the Andean rain shadow 1415 Ma, isolated a Brazilian clade of Alstroemeria from a basal Chilean/Argentinean grade. Main conclusions Only Alstroemeriaceae, Calceolariaceae, Cunoniaceae, Escalloniaceae and Proteaceae have expanded and diversified from Patagonia far into tropical latitudes. All migrated northwards along the Andes, but also reached south-eastern Brazil, in most cases after the origin of the SAAD. Our results from Alstroemeria now suggest that the SAAD may have been a major ecological barrier in southern South America.