The importance of water-retaining features for biodiversity on artificial intertidal coastal defence structures
The importance of water-retaining features for biodiversity on artificial intertidal coastal defence structures
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/ddi.12079
复制
发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Hawkins, Stephen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Firth, Louise B.;Thompson, Richard C.;Hawkins, Stephen J.
目的为了应对海平面上升和风暴潮，人工海岸防御结构正在激增。这些结构为许多物种提供了栖息地，但通常支持比自然栖息地低的生物多样性。这主要是由于缺乏环境异质性和人工结构的蓄水功能。我们比较了人工海岸防护建筑物和自然生境下的附着生物群落，提出了以下问题：（1）自然生境下挺水底质上的物种丰富度是否大于人工生境下的物种丰富度，以及这种差异的幅度是否在中潮时大于高潮时;（2）岩石池中的物种丰富度是否大于挺水基质中的物种丰富度，以及这种差异的大小是否在人工生境中大于自然生境;在人工生境中，中潮时岩塘的物种丰富度是否高于高潮时？位置不列颠群岛。方法标准的非破坏性随机抽样比较了栖息地类型和潮汐高度对自然岩石海岸和人工海岸防御结构上的epibiota的影响。结果自然紧急基质比人工基质支持更大的物种丰富度。物种丰富度在中比高潮水平，特别是在人工栖息地。岩石池支持更大的物种丰富度比紧急substrata，这种差异是更明显的人工比自然栖息地。在人工栖息地的岩石池支持更大的物种丰富度在中比高潮level.Main结论人工结构支持较低的生物多样性比自然栖息地。这主要是由于人工栖息地缺乏栖息地异质性。可以修改人工结构，以提供促进生物多样性的岩石池。岩石池的形成效果在中潮水位比高潮水位更明显。现在的挑战是建立在什么潮汐高度的影响池变得微不足道，并确定最佳的栖息地改善的岩石池尺寸。
Aim Artificial coastal defence structures are proliferating in response to rising and stormier seas. These structures provide habitat for many species but generally support lower biodiversity than natural habitats. This is primarily due to the absence of environmental heterogeneity and water-retaining features on artificial structures. We compared the epibiotic communities associated with artificial coastal defence structures and natural habitats to ask the following questions: (1) is species richness on emergent substrata greater in natural than artificial habitats and is the magnitude of this difference greater at mid than upper tidal levels; (2) is species richness greater in rock pools than emergent substrata and is the magnitude of this difference greater in artificial than natural habitats; and (3) in artificial habitats, is species richness in rock pools greater at mid than upper tidal levels?Location British Isles.Methods Standard non-destructive random sampling compared the effect of habitat type and tidal height on epibiota on natural rocky shores and artificial coastal defence structures.Results Natural emergent substrata supported greater species richness than artificial substrata. Species richness was greater at mid than upper tidal levels, particularly in artificial habitats. Rock pools supported greater species richness than emergent substrata, and this difference was more pronounced in artificial than natural habitats. Rock pools in artificial habitats supported greater species richness at mid than upper tidal levels.Main conclusions Artificial structures support lower biodiversity than natural habitats. This is primarily due to the lack of habitat heterogeneity in artificial habitats. Artificial structures can be modified to provide rock pools that promote biodiversity. The effect of rock pool creation will be more pronounced at mid than upper tidal levels. The challenge now is to establish at what tidal height the effect of pools becomes negligible and to determine the rock pool dimensions for optimum habitat enhancement.