Vortices in chiral, spin-triplet superconductors and superfluids
Vortices in chiral, spin-triplet superconductors and superfluids
复制标题
DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/11/7/075008
复制
发表时间：
2009-02
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
J. Sauls;M. Eschrig
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Sauls;M. Eschrig
如果库珀对波函数破坏了正常相的额外对称性，超导体就会表现出非传统的电和磁性质。自旋和轨道空间中的旋转对称性，以及离散对称性，如空间和时间反转，可能自发地被破坏。当这种情况与整体U(1)规范对称性的破缺一起发生时，在超导相变下就会出现新的物理现象，这是凝聚体对称性破缺的特征。对于涡流和相关缺陷尤其如此。具有多组分有序参数的超导体表现出各种不同的涡旋结构和密切相关的缺陷，这在一维(1D)表示的凝聚体中是不可能的。本文讨论了破坏手征对称性的费米子超流和超导体中的涡旋结构，即组合的破裂时间反演和二维宇称。特别是，我们考虑了3He-A薄膜和层状超导体Sr2RuO4中可能实现的涡旋和缺陷的结构，并确定了这些缺陷应该揭示的手征对称性破缺的一些特征特征。
Superconductors exhibit unconventional electronic and magnetic properties if the Cooper pair wave function breaks additional symmetries of the normal phase. Rotational symmetries in spin and orbital spaces, as well as discrete symmetries such as space and time inversion, may be spontaneously broken. When this occurs in conjunction with broken global U(1) gauge symmetry, new physical phenomena are exhibited below the superconducting transition that are characteristic of the broken symmetries of the pair condensate. This is particularly true of vortices and related defects. Superconductors with a multi-component order parameter exhibit a variety of different vortex structures and closely related defects that are not possible in condensates belonging to a one-dimensional (1D) representation. In this paper, we discuss the structure of vortices in fermionic superfluids and superconductors which break chiral symmetry, i.e. combined broken time inversion and 2D parity. In particular, we consider the structure of vortices and defects that might be realized in thin films of 3He-A and the layered superconductor Sr2RuO4, and identify some of the characteristic signatures of broken chiral symmetry that should be revealed by these defects.