Fentanyl, Heroin, and Cocaine Overdose Fatalities are Shifting to the Black Community: An Analysis of the State of Connecticut.
Fentanyl, Heroin, and Cocaine Overdose Fatalities are Shifting to the Black Community: An Analysis of the State of Connecticut.
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芬太尼、海洛因和可卡因过量死亡正在转向黑人社区：对康涅狄格州的分析。
DOI：
10.1007/s40615-021-01007-6
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Laurencin,CatoT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wu,ZHelen;Yong,Qiao;Walker,JoanneM;Grady,JamesJ;Laurencin,CatoT
背景历史上，康涅狄格州 (CT) 的黑人和西班牙裔因阿片类药物过量致死率较低。我们检查了该州黑人吸毒过量致死率是否已超过白人的情况是否发生了变化。方法药物过量死亡率是根据康涅狄格州 2012 年至 2019 年每 10 万人每年的死亡人数计算的。衡量标准是按种族（白人、西班牙裔、黑人、亚裔或太平洋岛民）、年龄组和毒品类型（包括芬太尼、海洛因、可卡因和其他阿片类药物）进行的。使用泊松回归来检验交互作用（种族×年龄）；使用连接点回归分析来评估每个年龄组内按种族/族裔组划分的死亡率趋势线，显着性水平为 p < 0.05。 结果 2012 年至 2019 年 CT 中药物过量死亡率显示所有种族合计显着增加，估计每年每 10 万人中有 3.6 人死亡。对于白人来说，2012年至2017年每年因服药过量死亡人数为4.6人，2017年至2019年没有变化。2012年至2019年，西班牙裔人因服药过量死亡率为每年3.0人，亚裔或太平洋岛民为每年0.6人。对于黑人来说，2012年至2014年期间死亡率在统计上持平；然而，从 2015 年到 2019 年，这一群体的平均增幅最大，每年每 10 万人中因服药过量死亡人数为 6.0 人。到 2019 年，黑人的服药过量死亡率高于白人（每 10 万人分别有 39 人和 38 人）。此外，50 岁及以上的黑人报告的药物过量死亡率是所有种族/年龄组中最高的，自 2014 年以来每 10 万人中死亡人数增加了 8.5 人。结论和相关性康涅狄格州是我国新英格兰地区阿片类药物过量趋势的一个缩影。 CT 中的大多数过量死亡涉及非法药物、芬太尼、海洛因和可卡因，而不是处方药。 50 岁及以上的黑人服药过量死亡率增长最快。阿片类药物死亡现在正在转移到黑人社区，造成了紧迫的公共卫生危机。
BackgroundHistorically, Blacks and Hispanics have had lower opioid-involved overdose death rates in Connecticut (CT). We examined if a shift has taken place where rates of Black fatal overdoses have now surpassed Whites in the state.MethodsDrug overdose fatality rates were calculated by number of deaths per year per 100,000 population from 2012 to 2019 in Connecticut. Measures were by race (White, Hispanic, Black, and Asian or Pacific Islander), age groups, and types of drugs, including fentanyl, heroin, cocaine, and other opioids. Poisson regression was used to test the interactions (race × age); joinpoint regression analysis was used to evaluate trend lines of fatality rate by racial/ethnic group within each age group with a significance level ofp< 0.05.ResultsDrug overdose fatality rates in CT from 2012 to 2019 showed a significant increase for all races combined, estimated 3.6 deaths per 100,000 population per year. For Whites, overdose deaths were 4.6 per year from 2012 to 2017 with no change from 2017 to 2019. The overdose fatality rate for Hispanics was 3.0 and for Asian or Pacific Islanders 0.6 per year from 2012 to 2019. For Blacks, the death rates were statistically flat between 2012 and 2014; however, from 2015 to 2019, this group saw the largest average increase of 6.0 overdose deaths per 100,000 population each year. By 2019, the overdose fatality rate was higher in Blacks than in Whites, (39 vs. 38 per 100,000, respectively). Further, Blacks ages 50 years and over reported the highest overdose fatality rates among all race/age groups, an increase of 8.5 deaths per 100,000 population since 2014.Conclusions and RelevanceConnecticut is a microcosm of the opioid overdose trend in the New England region of our country. The majority of overdose deaths in CT involved illicit drugs, fentanyl, heroin, and cocaine, rather than prescription drugs. Blacks 50-years-old and over showed the fastest growing overdose death rates. Opioid deaths are now shifting to the Black community, creating an urgent public health crisis.