'A question of balance': addressing the public health impacts of multinational enterprises in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises.
'A question of balance': addressing the public health impacts of multinational enterprises in the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises.
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DOI：
10.1080/17441692.2012.729152
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Malone RE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yang JS;McDaniel PA;Malone RE
全球社会正在开始解决非传染性疾病问题，但如何加强跨国企业对其产品和做法对健康的影响的责任仍不明朗。我们审查了经济合作与发展组织(经合组织)通过自愿性多边投资指导方针为此所做的努力。我们通过对公开可获得的经合组织和烟草行业档案文件的分析，开发了一个历史案例，研究了1973年至2000年经合组织跨国企业指南是如何制定和修订的。第一版的指导方针是一种纯粹的经济工具。外部压力和防止更严格的监管努力的愿望导致随着时间的推移增加了与环境、消费者利益、可持续发展和人权有关的指导方针。尽管这些准则是自愿性质的，但它们可以在帮助平衡跨国企业利益和公共卫生的努力中发挥作用，为努力制定具有约束力的条款提供一个起点，以处理跨国企业对疾病负担或减少疾病的贡献。
The global community is beginning to address non-communicable diseases, but how to increase the accountability of multinational enterprises (MNEs) for the health impacts of their products and practices remains unclear. We examine the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s (OECD) efforts to do so through voluntary MNE guidelines. We developed a historical case study of how the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises were developed and revised from 1973–2000 through an analysis of publicly available archived OECD and tobacco industry documents. The first edition of the Guidelines was a purely economic instrument. Outside pressures and a desire to ward off more stringent regulatory efforts resulted in the addition over time of guidelines related to the environment, consumer interests, sustainable development, and human rights. Despite their voluntary nature, the Guidelines can play a role in efforts to help balance the interests of MNEs and public health by providing a starting point for efforts to create binding provisions addressing MNEs’ contributions to disease burden or disease reduction.
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影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Beaglehole, Robert;Ebrahim, Shah;Leeder, Steve
通讯作者：
Leeder, Steve
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Beaglehole, Robert;Bonita, Ruth;Watt, Judith
通讯作者：
Watt, Judith
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Collin, Jeff
通讯作者：
Collin, Jeff
影响因子：
4.5
作者：
Jenkins, R
通讯作者：
Jenkins, R