Epidermal stem cells in the isthmus/infundibulum influence hair shaft differentiation: evidence from targeted DLX3 deletion.
Epidermal stem cells in the isthmus/infundibulum influence hair shaft differentiation: evidence from targeted DLX3 deletion.
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峡部/漏斗部的表皮干细胞影响毛干分化：来自靶向 DLX3 缺失的证据。
DOI：
10.1038/jid.2014.287
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Morasso,MariaI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kim,Jin-Chul;Duverger,Olivier;Hwang,Joonsung;Morasso,MariaI
不同的干细胞群存在于包括表皮和毛囊皮脂腺单位（毛囊和皮脂腺）的皮肤中（克莱顿等人，2007; Mascre等人，2012年）。最近的研究已经强调了皮肤中干细胞小生境的强烈异质性和区室化（Jaks等人，2010年; Page等人，2013年）。在休止期（静止期），毛囊干细胞位于毛囊的下部，在隆突和毛胚区域，并表达标记物如Lgr 5、K15和CD 34（Trempus等，2007; Jaks等人，2010年）。当重新进入生长期（生长期）时，新头发的成分来自这些毛囊干细胞。即使它们对表皮的稳态没有贡献，这些细胞在伤口愈合的情况下确实参与再生（Ito等人，2005; Levy等人，2005; Jaks等人，2008年）。最近，表皮干细胞在毛囊的上部被鉴定：在位于皮脂腺与毛囊的附件附近的峡部中，以及在漏斗区域中，其跨越峡部和表皮。这些细胞表达特异性标志物如Lrig 1和MST 24，并有助于皮脂腺的形成和响应损伤的表皮分化（詹森等人，2009年;佩奇等人，2013年）。在毛发生长期，峡部/漏斗部区域的细胞不会促进新毛发的形成。然而，在这里，我们发现，在表皮和峡部/漏斗区的转录因子DLX 3的删除，但不是在凸起区域，导致改变毛干分化，而不影响头发growth.We以前表明，在头发形态发生DLX 3在毛干分化的开始，随后在大多数层的毛囊，除了外根鞘的毛基质中表达。胚胎发生过程中DLX 3的上皮缺失（K14 Cre; DLX 3cKO）导致毛发角蛋白表达受损并导致脱发（Hwang et al.，2008年）。表皮中DLX 3的缺乏也导致皮肤中的IL 17依赖性炎症反应（Hwang等人，2011年）。在休止期，DLX 3的表达是
Distinct stem cell populations are present in the skin that comprises the epidermis and the pilosebaceous unit (hair follicle and sebaceous gland)(Clayton et al., 2007; Mascre et al., 2012). Recent studies have highlighted the strong heterogeneity and compartmentalization of stem cell niches in the skin (Jaks et al., 2010; Page et al., 2013). During telogen (resting phase), hair follicle stem cells are located in the lower part of the hair follicle, in the bulge and hair germ areas, and express markers such as Lgr5, K15 and CD34 (Trempus et al., 2007; Jaks et al., 2010). Upon reentry into anagen (growing phase), components of the new hair are derived from these hair follicle stem cells. Even though they do not contribute to the homeostasis of the epidermis, these cells do participate in regeneration in the context of wound healing (Ito et al., 2005; Levy et al., 2005; Jaks et al., 2008). Recently, epidermal stem cells were identified in the upper part of the hair follicle: in the isthmus that is located near the attachment of the sebaceous gland to the follicle, and in the infundibulum area, which spans the isthmus and the epidermis. These cells express specific markers such as Lrig1 and MST24, and contribute to the formation of the sebaceous gland and to epidermal differentiation in response to injury (Jensen et al., 2009; Page et al., 2013). During anagen, the cells from the isthmus/infundibulum area do not contribute to the formation of the new hair. However, here we show that the deletion of the transcription factor DLX3 in the epidermis and isthmus/infundibulum area, but not in the bulge region, leads to altered hair shaft differentiation without affecting hair growth.We previously showed that during hair morphogenesis DLX3 is expressed in the hair matrix at the beginning of hair shaft differentiation and subsequently in most layers of the hair follicle except for the outer root sheath. Epithelial deletion of DLX3 during embryogenesis (K14Cre; DLX3cKO) results in impaired expression of hair keratins and leads to alopecia (Hwang et al., 2008). Absence of DLX3 in the epidermis also results in an IL 17 dependent inflammatory response in the skin (Hwang et al., 2011). During telogen, DLX3 expression is