Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development
Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development
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DOI：
10.2307/3434999
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rosario, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colón, I;Caro, D;Rosario, O
乳房发育过早是指8岁以下没有其他青春期表现的女孩的乳房组织生长。波多黎各是迄今已知的乳房早熟发病率最高的地区。在观察到这一严重的公共卫生异常现象后的过去20年里，没有找到对这一现象的解释。包括杀虫剂和一些增塑剂在内的一些有机污染物会扰乱野生动物的正常性发育，其中许多已经在波多黎各得到广泛使用。这项调查旨在确定波多黎各乳房早熟女孩血清中的污染物。以农药和邻苯二甲酸酯作为内分泌干扰物的模型化合物，优化和验证了一种血清分析方法。所有化合物的回收率均为>；80%。用气相色谱/质谱仪进行最终检测。我们分析了41份乳房炎患者和35份对照的血清样本。在研究对象或对照对象的血清中未检测到农药或其代谢物残留。在28例(68%)乳头症患者的样本中，检测到显著高水平的邻苯二甲酸酯[二甲基二乙基、二丁基和二(2-乙基己基)]及其主要代谢物邻苯二甲酸单(2-乙基己基)酯。在分析的对照样品中，只有一个显示出明显的邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯水平。我们鉴定的邻苯二甲酸盐已被归类为内分泌干扰物。这项研究表明，已知的雌激素和抗雄激素活性的增塑剂与人类女性人群中乳房过早发育的原因之间可能存在关联。
Premature breast development (thelarche) is the growth of mammary tissue in girls younger than 8 years of age without other manifestations of puberty. Puerto Rico has the highest known incidence of premature thelarche ever reported. In the last two decades since this serious public health anomaly has been observed, no explanation for this phenomenon has been found. Some organic pollutants, including pesticides and some plasticizers, can disrupt normal sexual development in wildlife, and many of these have been widely used in Puerto Rico. This investigation was designed to identify pollutants in the serum of Puerto Rican girls with premature thelarche. A method for blood serum analysis was optimized and validated using pesticides and phthalate esters as model compounds of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Recovery was > 80% for all compounds. We performed final detection by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We analyzed 41 serum samples from thelarche patients and 35 control samples. No pesticides or their metabolite residues were detected in the serum of the study or control subjects. Significantly high levels of phthalates [dimethyl, diethyl, dibutyl, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)] and its major metabolite mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate were identified in 28 (68%) samples from thelarche patients. Of the control samples analyzed, only one showed significant levels of di-isooctyl phthalate. The phthalates that we identified have been classified as endocrine disruptors. This study suggests a possible association between plasticizers with known estrogenic and antiandrogenic activity and the cause of premature breast development in a human female population.