Defining pharmacists' roles in disasters: A Delphi study
Defining pharmacists' roles in disasters: A Delphi study
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0227132
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发表时间：
2019-12-26
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nissen, Lisa M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Watson, Kaitlyn E.;Singleton, Judith A.;Nissen, Lisa M.
介绍药师在社区中的独特地位，是对受灾患者的援助。然而，药剂师在灾害中所扮演的角色是根据他们自己的经验和网络确定的。目前还没有定义或承认药剂师的角色在disasters.Objectives获得共识，从一个专家小组的关键意见领袖在灾难卫生领域的药剂师在灾害中的作用，在整个四个灾害阶段的预防，准备，响应和recovery.MethodsA德尔菲研究，包括三轮的在线调查。与24名主要意见领袖进行了接触，其中15人完成了所有三轮调查。向15名专家小组成员介绍了文献中确定的46个角色，并要求他们在5分李克特量表上对他们的意见进行排名。本研究采用了一种国际性、全危害性和多管辖区的方法。共识基准为80%，在下一轮中重新询问未达成共识的任何角色。第三轮提供了德尔菲研究的结果，并征求意见的接受或拒绝的roles.ResultsOf提供给专家小组的46个角色，43个角色被接受的角色药剂师能够在灾难中承担。预防阶段有五个角色，准备阶段有九个，反应阶段有21个，恢复阶段有八个。专家们被要求优先考虑每个灾害阶段的前五个角色。这三个角色，没有达成共识被认为是专门的角色，灾难药剂师，而不是generalizable到更广泛的药房profession.ConclusionThis研究确定药剂师的角色，已被国际灾难卫生界接受的灾难。国际主要意见领袖建议，药剂师在灾难中可以发挥43种作用，但是，这取决于各个司法管辖区的考虑。药学专业协会需要向政策制定者倡导立法支持，并确保药剂师获得在特定管辖范围内发挥这些作用所需的培训和教育。
IntroductionPharmacists are uniquely placed in the community to be of assistance to disaster-affected patients. However, the roles undertaken by pharmacists in disasters are identified based on their own experiences and networks. There is currently no definition or acknowledgment of pharmacists' roles in disasters.ObjectiveTo acquire consensus from an expert panel of key opinion leaders within the field of disaster health on pharmacists' roles in disasters throughout the four disaster phases prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery.MethodsA Delphi study consisting of three rounds of online surveys was utilised. Twenty-four key opinion leaders were contacted, with 15 completing all three rounds. The 15 expert panellists were presented with 46 roles identified in the literature and asked to rank their opinions on a 5-point Likert scale. This study used an international, all-hazard, and multijurisdictional approach. Consensus was benchmarked at 80% and any role which did not reach consensus was re-queried in the subsequent round. The third round provided the results of the Delphi study and sought commentary on the acceptance or rejection of the roles.ResultsOf the 46 roles provided to the expert panel, 43 roles were accepted as roles pharmacists are capable of undertaking in a disaster. There were five roles for the prevention phase, nine for the preparedness phase, 21 for the response phase, and eight for the recovery phase. The experts were asked to prioritise the top five roles for each of the disaster phases. The three roles which did not make consensus were deemed to be specialised roles for disaster pharmacists and not generalisable to the broader pharmacy profession.ConclusionThis study identifies pharmacists' roles in disasters which have been accepted by the international disaster health community. The international key opinion leaders recommended that pharmacists could be undertaking 43 roles in a disaster, however, this is dependent on individual jurisdiction considerations. Pharmacy professional associations need to advocate to policymakers for legislative support and to ensure pharmacists are equipped with the training and education required to undertake these roles within specific jurisdictions.