Similarity of the ruminal bacteria across individual lactating cows
Similarity of the ruminal bacteria across individual lactating cows
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anaerobe.2012.04.003
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发表时间：
2012-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Mizrahi, Itzhak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jami, Elie;Mizrahi, Itzhak
奶牛作为奶和肉的来源，对人类有着巨大的意义。它们将难以消化的植物转化为可消化的食物的非凡能力存在于牛消化系统的瘤胃（厌氧腔室）中。瘤胃内有一个复杂的微生物群，负责植物材料的降解，从而使植物纤维转化为奶和肉，并决定其质量和数量。因此，了解这个复杂的生态系统具有重大的经济意义。一个重要的问题，尚未解决的是保存程度的瘤胃微生物组成跨越个体动物。在这里，我们量化了16头奶牛瘤胃细菌种群之间的相似程度。我们使用real-time PCR测定了具有不同代谢功能的特定瘤胃细菌种类的差异，结果显示，虽然一些细菌菌株在动物之间差异很大，但其他菌株的变异性非常低。这种差异不能与这些细菌的代谢特性联系起来。我们使用自动核糖体基因间间隔分析（ARISA）检测了所有动物的优势细菌群体的相似性，并确定了一个由至少90%的动物共享32%的操作分类单位（otu）和100%的动物共享19%的otu组成的细菌群落。只看每个OTU的存在与否，每对牛之间的平均相似度为75%。当将每种OTU的丰度加入分析时，这种相似性降低到平均不到60%。因此，正如最近对人类肠道的类似研究所表明的那样，牛瘤胃核心微生物组确实存在，但分类群的丰度可能在动物之间差异很大。(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
Dairy cattle hold enormous significance for man as a source of milk and meat. Their remarkable ability to convert indigestible plant mass into these digestible food products resides in the rumen - an anaerobic chambered compartment - in the bovine digestive system. The rumen houses a complex microbiota which is responsible for the degradation of plant material, consequently enabling the conversion of plant fibers into milk and meat and determining their quality and quantity. Hence, an understanding of this complex ecosystem has major economic implications. One important question that is yet to be addressed is the degree of conservation of rumen microbial composition across individual animals. Here we quantified the degree of similarity between rumen bacterial populations of 16 individual cows. We used real-time PCR to determine the variance of specific ruminal bacterial species with different metabolic functions, revealing that while some bacterial strains vary greatly across animals, others show only very low variability. This variance could not be linked to the metabolic traits of these bacteria. We examined the degree of similarity in the dominant bacterial populations across all animals using automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), and identified a bacterial community consisting of 32% operational taxonomic units (OTUs) shared by at least 90% of the animals and 19% OTUs shared by 100% of the animals. Looking only at the presence or absence of each OTU gave an average similarity of 75% between each cow pair. When abundance of each OTU was added to the analysis, this similarity decreased to an average of less than 60%. Thus, as suggested in similar recent studies of the human gut, a bovine rumen core microbiome does exist, but taxa abundance may vary greatly across animals. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.