Estimating health and economic benefits of reductions in air pollution from agriculture
Estimating health and economic benefits of reductions in air pollution from agriculture
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.064
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Lelieveld, Jos
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Giannadaki, Despina;Giannakis, Elias;Lelieveld, Jos
农业氨排放极大地促进了细颗粒物空气污染(PM2.5)，对人类健康产生重大影响，并导致死亡。我们使用模型计算的排放情景来检查减少农业排放所带来的健康和经济效益。我们应用了“统计寿命价值”指标来将相关的健康结果货币化。我们的分析表明，农业排放减少50%可以在我们研究的59个国家每年防止20万人死亡，特别是在欧洲、俄罗斯、土耳其、美国、加拿大和中国，同时还能带来数十亿美元的经济效益。在欧盟，死亡率可降低18%，每年可产生10亿美元的经济效益。在所研究的59个国家中，有42个国家的PM2.5相关死亡率加上相关的经济成本在理论上完全消除农业排放可能导致死亡率下降50%。在欧盟内部，每年可防止14万人死亡，相关经济效益约为4070亿美元/年。对欧盟减少氨排放备选方案的成本效益评估表明，减少农业排放产生净财政和社会效益。将空气污染缓解政策的健康益处和实施成本货币化，有助于制定具有成本效益的空气质量管理战略。(C)2017爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Agricultural ammonia emissions strongly contribute to fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) with significant impacts on human health, contributing to mortality. We used model calculated emission scenarios to examine the health and economic benefits accrued by reducing agricultural emissions. We applied the "value of statistical life" metric to monetize the associated health outcomes. Our analysis indicates that a 50% reduction in agricultural emissions could prevent > 200 thousand deaths per year in the 59 countries included in our study, notably in Europe, Russia, Turkey, the US, Canada and China, accompanied with economic benefits of many billions US$. In the European Union (EU) mortality could be reduced by 18% with an annual economic benefit of 89 billion US$. A theoretical complete phase-out of agricultural emissions could lead to a reduction in PM2.5 related mortality of > 50% plus associated economic costs in 42 out of the 59 countries studied. Within the EU, 140 thousand deaths could be prevented per year with an associated economic benefit of about 407 billion US$/year. A cost-benefit assessment of ammonia emission abatement options for the EU indicates that the reduction of agricultural emissions generates net financial and social benefits. The monetization of the health benefits of air pollution abatement policies and the costs of implementation can help devise cost-effective air quality management strategies. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.