Anopheline vectors and malaria transmission in eastern Afghanistan
Anopheline vectors and malaria transmission in eastern Afghanistan
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DOI：
10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90331-7
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发表时间：
2002-11-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Wirtz, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rowland, M;Mohammed, N;Wirtz, R
1995年5月至1996年12月在阿富汗东部两个河流灌溉的水稻种植区研究了按蚊媒介和疟疾传播。在12个农村村庄（人口14 538）监测临床疟疾被动病例检测在当地诊所。成年蚊子收集空间喷洒的生活区和马厩和牛诱饵渔获物。用酶联免疫吸附试验检测了17255例苔藓头胸标本中恶性疟原虫和间日疟原虫环子孢子蛋白（CSP）。间日疟原虫和恶性疟原虫的记录发病率分别为199和41例/1000人年。共记录按蚊12种，斯氏按蚊占82%，A. culicafaces 5%。8种菌种CSP检测呈阳性：A. stephensi、黑腹滨藜A. culicifacies，A. fluviatilus、A. annularis、环纹草A. pulcherrimus、马蹄莲A. maculattss、斑斑拟步行虫A. splendidus和A. superpictus。在受感染的蚊子中，46%对恶性疟原虫呈阳性，45%对间日疟原虫VK-247呈阳性，9%对间日疟原虫PV-210呈阳性。对传染性媒介在人体上的取食率的估计表明，A。stephensi虫口占感染性叮咬的76%; fluviatilis和A. pulcherrimus各7%; culicifacies和A.各占3%。总体感染性媒介摄食率与人群中间日疟原虫的发病率相关。A. culicifaces是主要的农村媒介和A. stephensi只在城市环境中重要，需要重新考虑在印度-巴基斯坦次大陆的西部延伸。
Anopheline vectors and malaria transmission were studied in 2 river-irrigated, rice-growing districts of eastern Afghanistan from May 1995 to December 1996. Clinical malaria was monitored in 12 rural villages (population 14 538) by passive case detection at local clinics. Adult mosquitoes were collected by space-spraying of living quarters and stables and by cattle bait catches. Mosquito head-thoraces (17 255 specimens) were tested for Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax circumsporozoite protein (CSP) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The recorded incidence of P. vivax and P. falciparum was 199 and 41 episodes per 1000 person years, respectively. Twelve species of anopheline were recorded; Anopheles stephensi comprised 82% and A. culicafacies 5%. Eight species tested positive for CSP: A. stephensi, A. culicifacies, A. fluviatilus, A. annularis, A. pulcherrimus, A. maculattss, A. splendidus and A. superpictus. Among infected mosquitoes 46% were positive for P. falciparum, 45% for P. vivax VK-247, and 9% for P. vivax PV-210. Estimates of the feeding rates of infective vectors on humans indicated that A. stephensi would contribute 76% of infective bites, A. fluviatilis and A. pulcherrimus 7% each, and A. culicifacies and A. superpictus 3% each. The overall infective vector feeding rate correlated with the P. vivax incidence rate in the human population. The conventional view of A. culicifacies being the main rural vector and A. stephensi important only in urban settings needs to be reconsidered in western outreaches of the Indo-Pakistan subcontinent.