The other side of the curve: Examining the relationship between pre-stressor physiological responses and stress reactivity
The other side of the curve: Examining the relationship between pre-stressor physiological responses and stress reactivity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psyneuen.2010.03.011
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Olmstead, Mary C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balodis, Iris M.;Wynne-Edwards, Katherine E.;Olmstead, Mary C.
人们普遍认为，压力会引起剧烈的生理变化，但对于测量这些反应的定量参数尚无一致意见。更重要的是，各种压力测量的解释，以及个体反应应该如何评估，还没有得到适当的解决。甚至连衡量压力反应的基线的定义也没有明确确立。目前的实验试图通过比较不同计算参数对个体心理和生理压力测量的预测价值来解决这些缺点。研究对象是29名男性和59名女性健康的本科生，他们在3小时的间隔内收集唾液样本，包括Trier社会压力测试。使用绝对浓度、浓度变化百分比、曲线下面积（Pruessner et al., 2003）和到达指数（到达后1小时的变化）分析唾液皮质醇和α -淀粉酶反应。到达指数与皮质醇（r = 0.76, p < 0.01）和α -淀粉酶（r = 0.86, p < 0.01）的后续应激反应相关。皮质醇和α -淀粉酶的到达指数也与心理社会应激源后焦虑的主观评分有关。一组自我报告焦虑程度高的个体对社会心理压力源也表现出更高的反应性。因此，皮质醇和α -淀粉酶在到达和到达后1小时之间的差异大小是随后应激反应的预测因子。这些发现表明，不同的社会心理特征可能反映在皮质醇和α -淀粉酶的变化上。由于这个原因：(1)到达后的恢复期对于建立基线至关重要；(2)到达和恢复后的恢复期基线之间的差异应作为预测变量包括在实验设计中；(3)将个体测量转换为相对于到达样本的比例变化很可能掩盖重要的潜在个体差异。(C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
There is widespread consensus that stress induces dramatic physiological changes, but no agreement on the quantitative parameters that are appropriate to measure these responses. More importantly, the interpretation of various stress measurements, and how individual responses should be evaluated, has not been properly addressed. Even the definition of baseline, against which stress responses must be measured, is not clearly established. The current experiment sought to address these shortcomings by comparing the predictive value of different calculated parameters for psychosocial and physiological measures of stress across individuals. Subjects were 29 male and 59 female healthy undergraduate students with saliva samples collected over a 3-h interval that included a Trier Social Stress Test. Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase response were analyzed using the absolute concentration, the percent change in concentration, the area under the curve (Pruessner et al., 2003), and the arrival index (change from arrival to 1 h after arrival). The arrival index correlated with the subsequent stress response for both cortisol (r = 0.76, p < 0.01) and alpha-amylase (r = 0.86, p < 0.01). The arrival index for both cortisol and alpha-amylase was also related to subjective ratings of anxiety following the psychosocial stressor. A subset of individuals with high self-reported anxiety also displayed higher reactivity in response to the psychosocial stressor. Thus, the magnitude of the difference in cortisol and alpha-amylase between arrival and 1 h after arrival was a predictor of subsequent stress reactivity. These findings suggest that different psychosocial profiles may be reflected in cortisol and alpha-amylase changes. For this reason: (1) a recovery period after arrival is essential to establish a baseline, (2) the difference between arrival and post-recovery period baseline should be included in experimental designs as a predictive variable, and (3) transformation of individual measures into proportional changes relative to the arrival sample is very likely to obscure important underlying individual differences. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.