Topical and residual toxicity of six pesticides to Orius majusculus
Topical and residual toxicity of six pesticides to Orius majusculus
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DOI：
10.1007/s12600-009-0054-3
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Bahsi, Serife Uenal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dagli, Fatih;Bahsi, Serife Uenal
采用不同暴露方法测定了6种农药（4种杀虫剂和2种杀菌剂）对小花蝽（Orius majusculus（罗伊特））成虫和蛹的毒力。以推荐田间剂量局部接触阿维菌素、硫丹和多杀菌素24小时后的死亡率为56%至100%。然而，在叶残留物试验中，对两个生命阶段的毒性显著降低，死亡率从0%到33%不等。苯菌灵和铜盐+代森锰锌（杀菌剂）对O. majusculus，在局部和残留生物测定中，成虫或成虫的死亡率低于15%。在持续毒性试验中，昆虫暴露于相同的三种杀虫剂4天，死亡率从38%到100%不等。局部施用阿维菌素、硫丹和多杀菌素对卵孵化没有显著影响。在选择和无选择试验中，每只雌性的产卵数与对照组无显著差异。在选择试验中，杀虫剂没有表现出相当的驱避效果。还比较了局部、残留和内吸吸收方法，以确定内吸杀虫剂吡虫啉的毒性水平差异。然而，所有方法的死亡率均为100%。
The toxicity of six pesticides (four insecticides and two fungicides) to Orius majusculus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) adults and nymphs was determined using different exposure methods. Mortality upon topical exposure to abamectin, endosulfan and spinosad at recommended field doses ranged from 56% to 100% after 24 h. However, in leaf residue tests, toxicity to both life stages decreased significantly, ranging from 0% to 33% mortality. Benomyl and copper salts + mancozeb (fungicides) were much less toxic to O. majusculus, with less than 15% mortality of either adults or nymphs in topical and residue bioassays. In persistent toxicity tests, insects were exposed to the same three insecticides for 4 days; mortality varied from 38% to 100%. Egg hatching was not significantly affected when abamectin, endosulfan and spinosad were topically applied. Number of eggs laid per female in choice and no-choice tests did not differ significantly from the control. The insecticides did not show considerable repellent effect in the choice tests. Topical, residue and systemic uptake methods were also compared to determine the differences in the toxicity levels of imidacloprid, a systemic insecticide. However, 100% mortality occurred with all methods.