The opportunities and challenges of large-scale molecular approaches to songbird neurobiology.
The opportunities and challenges of large-scale molecular approaches to songbird neurobiology.
复制标题
鸣禽神经生物学大规模分子方法的机遇和挑战。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.09.017
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Clayton,DF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mello,CV;Clayton,DF
高通量的基因组结构和功能分析方法正在对鸣禽神经生物学产生重大影响。方法包括基因组测序和注释、比较基因组学、DNA微阵列和转录组学，以及开发基因表达的脑图谱。主要的新发现包括识别在歌唱过程中活跃的复杂转录程序，非编码RNA的大脑强劲表达，大脑各区域基因表达的深刻差异的证据，以及歌曲产生和学习回路中分子专门化的识别。目前的挑战包括对大数据集的统计分析、有效的基因组筛选、将基因表达变化有效地定位到特定的神经元回路和细胞，以及对影响大脑基因表达的行为和环境因素的剖析。这一领域需要有效的方法来与鸡等生物进行比较，后者提供了重要的解剖、功能和行为对比。随着测序成本的大幅下降，出现了比较方法的机会，这些方法可能有助于揭示有助于声音学习、社会行为和其他特性的进化过渡，这些特性使鸣禽成为如此引人注目的研究对象。
High-throughput methods for analyzing genome structure and function are having a large impact in songbird neurobiology. Methods include genome sequencing and annotation, comparative genomics, DNA microarrays and transcriptomics, and the development of a brain atlas of gene expression. Key emerging findings include the identification of complex transcriptional programs active during singing, the robust brain expression of non-coding RNAs, evidence of profound variations in gene expression across brain regions, and the identification of molecular specializations within song production and learning circuits. Current challenges include the statistical analysis of large datasets, effective genome curations, the efficient localization of gene expression changes to specific neuronal circuits and cells, and the dissection of behavioral and environmental factors that influence brain gene expression. The field requires efficient methods for comparisons with organisms like chicken, which offer important anatomical, functional and behavioral contrasts. As sequencing costs plummet, opportunities emerge for comparative approaches that may help reveal evolutionary transitions contributing to vocal learning, social behavior and other properties that make songbirds such compelling research subjects.