Aeolian stratigraphy describes ice-age paleoenvironments in unglaciated Arctic Alaska

Aeolian stratigraphy describes ice-age paleoenvironments in unglaciated Arctic Alaska
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风地层学描述了非冰川北极阿拉斯加的冰河时代古环境

DOI:
10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.01.002
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Wooller, Matthew J.
Wooller, Matthew J.
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gaglioti, Benjamin V.;Mann, Daniel H.;Groves, Pamela;Kunz, Michael L.;Farquharson, Louise M.;Reanier, Richard E.;Jones, Benjamin M.;Wooller, Matthew J.

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北极西部地区具有高定年分辨率并延伸至最后一个冰河时代的陆地古环境记录非常罕见。这些记录可以测试冰河时代气候事件的同步性和范围,并确定北极景观如何应对快速的气候变化。在这里,我们描述了阿拉斯加北极地区(卡特剖面)的 ayedomadepositi 的地层学和沉积学,其历史可追溯至距今 37,000 至 9000 个校准放射性碳年(37-9 ka),并包含黄土和沙片沉积、土壤发育、碳储存和永久冻土动力学的详细记录。沙层和黄土沉积之间的交替为 Ikpikpuk 沙海 (ISS) 的范围和活动提供了一个指标,Ikpikpuk 沙海是一个位于紧邻上风处的大型沙丘场。温暖、潮湿的间期(约37、36.3-32.5和15-13ka)引发了洪泛区扩张、永久冻土融化、黄土沉积减少、植被覆盖增加以及土壤快速发育,同时碳储存增加。在末次盛冰期(LGM,约 28-18ka)期间,黄土快速沉积,植被稀疏且非木本。最强烈的风活动发生在末次盛冰期之后。 18和15ka,国际空间站边缘的沙层在该地点扩大,可能是为了应对随着夏季变暖和活动层加深而日益干旱的条件。除了这种滞后的末次盛冰期响应之外,卡特剖面的风沙活动记录与来自非冰川作用的西伯利亚和阿拉斯加的其他古环境记录相关。总体而言,地貌、土壤、植被和永久冻土的快速变化描绘了冰河时代的景观,与全新世相比,环境变化是慢性的,并以风成过程为主。
Terrestrial paleoenvironmental records with high dating resolution extending into the last ice age are rare from the western Arctic. Such records can test the synchronicity and extent of ice-age climatic events and define how Arctic landscapes respond to rapid climate changes. Here we describe the stratigraphy and sedimentology of ayedomadeposit in Arctic Alaska (the Carter Section) dating to between 37,000 and 9000 calibrated radiocarbon years BP (37–9 ka) and containing detailed records of loess and sand-sheet sedimentation, soil development, carbon storage, and permafrost dynamics. Alternation between sand-sheet and loess deposition provides a proxy for the extent and activity of the Ikpikpuk Sand Sea (ISS), a large dune field located immediately upwind. Warm, moist interstadial times (ca. 37, 36.3–32.5, and 15–13 ka) triggered floodplain aggradation, permafrost thaw, reduced loess deposition, increased vegetation cover, and rapid soil development accompanied by enhanced carbon storage. During the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ca. 28–18 ka), rapid loess deposition took place on a landscape where vegetation was sparse and non-woody. The most intense aeolian activity occurred after the LGM between ca. 18 and 15 ka when sand sheets fringing the ISS expanded over the site, possibly in response to increasingly droughty conditions as summers warmed and active layers deepened. With the exception of this lagged LGM response, the record of aeolian activity at the Carter Section correlates with other paleoenvironmental records from unglaciated Siberia and Alaska. Overall, rapid shifts in geomorphology, soils, vegetation, and permafrost portray an ice-age landscape where, in contrast to the Holocene, environmental change was chronic and dominated by aeolian processes.
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