A narrative review on burnout experienced by medical students and residents
A narrative review on burnout experienced by medical students and residents
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DOI：
10.1111/medu.12927
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Shanafelt, Tait
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dyrbye, Liselotte;Shanafelt, Tait
目的以叙述性评论的形式总结报告医学生和住院医生（实习生）职业倦怠的文章。方法在 MEDLINE 上搜索 1990 年至 2015 年间发表的同行评审的英文文章，报告实习生职业倦怠。搜索使用了医学主题词“医学生”、“住院医师”、“实习生和住院医师”以及“倦怠”、“专业人士”的组合。审查了文章的参考列表以确定其他研究。选择了高质量研究的子集。结果研究表明，受训者中职业倦怠的发生率很高，其水平高于一般人群。倦怠会损害受训者的专业发展，使患者处于危险之中，并导致各种个人后果，包括自杀意念。学习和工作环境中的因素，而不是个人属性，是倦怠的主要驱动因素。关于如何最好地解决学员倦怠问题的数据有限，但需要多管齐下，关注文化、学习和工作环境以及个人行为，以促进学员的健康并帮助那些处于困境中的人。结论医疗培训是一个充满压力的时期。需要进行大规模的前瞻性研究来确定因果关系以及改善学员体验的最佳方法。讨论讨论中文章中提出的想法。
ObjectiveTo summarise articles reporting on burnout among medical students and residents (trainees) in a narrative review.MethodsMEDLINE was searched for peer-reviewed, English language articles published between 1990 and 2015 reporting on burnout among trainees. The search used combinations of Medical Subject Heading terms medical student, resident, internship and residency, and burnout, professional. Reference lists of articles were reviewed to identify additional studies. A subset of high-quality studies was selected.ResultsStudies suggest a high prevalence of burnout among trainees, with levels higher than in the general population. Burnout canundermine trainees' professional development, place patients at risk, and contribute to a variety of personal consequences, including suicidal ideation. Factors within the learning and work environment, rather than individual attributes, are the major drivers of burnout. Limited data are available regarding how to best address trainee burnout, but multi-pronged efforts, with attention to culture, the learning and work environment and individual behaviours, are needed to promote trainees' wellness and to help those in distress.ConclusionMedical training is a stressful time. Large, prospective studies are needed to identify causeeffect relationships and the best approaches for improving the trainee experience.Discuss ideas arising from the article at discuss.