Effects of Ambient Air Pollution Exposure on Olfaction: A Review.
Effects of Ambient Air Pollution Exposure on Olfaction: A Review.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp136
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发表时间：
2016-11
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Pinto JM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ajmani GS;Suh HH;Pinto JM
嗅觉功能障碍影响着全世界数百万人。这种感觉障碍与神经退行性疾病和生活质量显著下降有关。暴露于空气中的污染物与嗅觉下降有关，这可能是由于嗅觉神经对环境的解剖敏感性。历史上，研究主要集中在职业暴露上，但最近的研究考虑了暴露于环境空气污染物的影响。检查所有相关的人类数据，评估环境污染暴露和嗅觉之间的联系，并审查支持动物的数据，以检查污染相关的嗅觉损失的潜在机制。我们使用PubMed和Web of Science识别并回顾了1950年至2015年的相关文章，重点关注人类流行病学和病理生理学研究。纳入动物研究仅用于支持人体相关数据。我们回顾了这些研究的结果，评估环境污染物暴露和嗅觉功能之间的关系。我们识别并审查了17篇文章，从文献检索中增加了1篇额外的文章，共18项人体研究。在人类流行病学和病理学研究中有证据表明，暴露于环境空气污染物的增加与嗅觉功能障碍有关。然而，大多数研究都在方便的小样本中使用污染暴露的代理。人类病理学研究和动物实验也表明，空气污染可以接触嗅上皮，转移到嗅球，并迁移到嗅皮层。污染物可在每个位置沉积存款，导致组织形态的直接损伤和破坏或诱导局部炎症和细胞应激反应。环境空气污染会影响人类的嗅觉功能。需要更多的研究来检查空气污染相关的嗅觉影响，一般人群使用测量的污染暴露，并将污染暴露与嗅觉功能障碍和相关的病理学联系起来。Ajmani GS，Suh HH，平托JM. 2016.环境空气污染暴露对嗅觉影响的研究进展。环境健康展望124：1683-1693; http：dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP136
Olfactory dysfunction affects millions of people worldwide. This sensory impairment is associated with neurodegenerative disease and significantly decreased quality of life. Exposure to airborne pollutants has been implicated in olfactory decline, likely due to the anatomic susceptibility of the olfactory nerve to the environment. Historically, studies have focused on occupational exposures, but more recent studies have considered effects from exposure to ambient air pollutants. To examine all relevant human data evaluating a link between ambient pollution exposure and olfaction and to review supporting animal data in order to examine potential mechanisms for pollution-associated olfactory loss. We identified and reviewed relevant articles from 1950 to 2015 using PubMed and Web of Science and focusing on human epidemiologic and pathophysiologic studies. Animal studies were included only to support pertinent data on humans. We reviewed findings from these studies evaluating a relationship between environmental pollutant exposure and olfactory function. We identified and reviewed 17 articles, with 1 additional article added from a bibliography search, for a total of 18 human studies. There is evidence in human epidemiologic and pathologic studies that increased exposure to ambient air pollutants is associated with olfactory dysfunction. However, most studies have used proxies for pollution exposure in small samples of convenience. Human pathologic studies, with supporting animal work, have also shown that air pollution can contact the olfactory epithelium, translocate to the olfactory bulb, and migrate to the olfactory cortex. Pollutants can deposit at each location, causing direct damage and disruption of tissue morphology or inducing local inflammation and cellular stress responses. Ambient air pollution may impact human olfactory function. Additional studies are needed to examine air pollution–related olfactory impacts on the general population using measured pollution exposures and to link pollution exposure with olfactory dysfunction and related pathology. Ajmani GS, Suh HH, Pinto JM. 2016. Effects of ambient air pollution exposure on olfaction: a review. Environ Health Perspect 124:1683–1693; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP136