Motormouth: Mere Exposure Depends on Stimulus-Specific Motor Simulations
Motormouth: Mere Exposure Depends on Stimulus-Specific Motor Simulations
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DOI：
10.1037/a0014504
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Strack, Fritz
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Topolinski, Sascha;Strack, Fritz
作者将具身解释应用于单纯的暴露，认为通过反复暴露特定刺激，与该刺激相关的运动反应被反复模拟，从而训练并变得越来越流畅。这种增加的流畅性驱使人们对重复刺激的偏好。这一假设通过在重复暴露期间阻断刺激特异性运动模拟来验证。在实验1中，咀嚼口香糖在评估刺激时破坏了单词的单纯暴露效应，但没有破坏视觉字符的单纯暴露效应。然而，同时揉捏一个球不会影响两个MEEs。在实验2中，同时低语一个不相关的单词会破坏单词的MEEs，但不会破坏字符的MEEs，即使是在最初的演示或测试阶段，以及当第一次演示涉及评估或仅仅研究刺激时也是如此。实验3显示了两类刺激之间的双重分离，即单词（口头）和曲调（声乐）。同时进行的口头任务（舌头运动）会破坏单词的mee，但不会破坏音调序列。同时进行的发声任务（哼哼“mm-hm”）会破坏声调序列的mee，但不会破坏单词的mee。
The authors apply an embodied account to mere exposure, arguing that through the repeated exposure of a particular stimulus, motor responses specifically associated to that stimulus are repeatedly simulated, thus trained, and become increasingly fluent. This increased fluency drives preferences for repeated stimuli. This hypothesis was tested by blocking stimulus-specific motor simulations during repeated exposure. In Experiment 1, chewing gum while evaluating stimuli destroyed mere exposure effects (MEEs) for words but not for visual characters. However, concurrently kneading a ball left both MEEs unaffected. In Experiment 2, concurrently whispering an unrelated word destroyed MEEs for words but not for characters, even when implemented either exclusively during the initial presentation or during the test phase and when the first presentation involved an evaluation or a mere study of the stimuli. In Experiment 3, a double dissociation between 2 classes of stimuli was demonstrated, namely, words (oral) and tunes (vocal). A concurrent oral task (tongue movements) destroyed MEEs for words but not for tone sequences. A concurrent vocal task (humming "mm-hm") destroyed MEEs for tone sequences but not for words.