Role of siglecs and related glycan-binding proteins in immune responses and immunoregulation.
Role of siglecs and related glycan-binding proteins in immune responses and immunoregulation.
复制标题
SIGLEC和相关的聚糖结合蛋白在免疫反应和免疫调节中的作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jaci.2014.11.031
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发表时间：
2015-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zimmermann N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bochner BS;Zimmermann N
真核细胞和细胞外物质被各种聚糖大量修饰，然而对这些部分的结构和功能的理解落后于我们对核酸、脂质和蛋白质的理解。近年来，人们对糖生物学领域的理解大大加速，揭示了许多以前理解不深甚至未被认识的复杂性和功能性贡献。这篇综述强调了与糖免疫学相关的几个主题，其中在糖蛋白和其他支架上展示的哺乳动物和病原体来源的聚糖被特异性聚糖结合蛋白（GBP）识别，导致各种促炎和抗炎细胞反应。本综述的重点主要是两个家庭的GBP，siglecs和选择素，参与免疫反应的多个步骤，包括区分病原体从自身，细胞运输到炎症部位，微调免疫反应导致激活或耐受，以及调节细胞存活。对于临床医生来说，重要的是，糖免疫学领域的加速发现正在转化为创新的医学方法，这些方法利用聚糖和GBP的相互作用来造福宿主，并可能很快导致新的诊断和治疗方法。
Eukaryotic cells and extracellular material are heavily decorated by various glycans, yet the understanding of the structure and function of these moieties lags behind our understanding of nucleic acids, lipids and proteins. Recent years have seen a tremendous acceleration of understanding in the field of glycobiology, revealing many intricacies and functional contributions that were previously poorly understood or even unrecognized. This review highlights several topics relevant to glycoimmunology, where mammalian and pathogen-derived glycans displayed on glycoproteins and other scaffolds are recognized by specific glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), leading to a variety of pro- and anti-inflammatory cellular responses. The focus for this review is mainly on two families of GBPs, siglecs and selectins, that are involved in multiple steps of the immune response, including distinguishing pathogens from self, cell trafficking to sites of inflammation, fine-tuning of immune responses leading to activation or tolerance, and regulation of cell survival. Importantly for the clinician, accelerated rates of discovery in the field of glycoimmunology are being translated into innovative medicinal approaches that harness the interaction of glycans and GBPs to the benefit of the host, and may soon lead to novel diagnostics and therapeutics.