Mental health care during the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone.
Mental health care during the Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone.
复制标题
DOI：
10.2471/blt.16.190470
复制
发表时间：
2017-12-01
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Muana A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kamara S;Walder A;Duncan J;Kabbedijk A;Hughes P;Muana A
在2014-2015年塞拉利昂埃博拉病毒病爆发期间，报告的心理健康和心理社会问题水平上升。作为应急响应的一部分，提出了在现有医院框架内建立心理健康部门的现有计划。在全国最大的政府医院设立了一个由护士领导的精神健康和心理社会支助服务，设有住院联络服务和门诊诊所。一名精神保健护士对普通护士进行了心理急救、病例识别和转诊途径方面的培训。保健工作人员参加了关于应对耻辱和压力的心理健康讲习班。塞拉利昂的精神保健服务很差，只有一家精神病专科医院为700万人口服务。从2015年3月到2016年2月，共有143名患者在该诊所就诊，其中20人幸存或有亲属感染埃博拉病毒。一半的患者（71人）有轻微的痛苦或抑郁，焦虑症和悲伤或社会问题，而30名患者患有精神病，需要药物治疗。14名非专科护士接受了心理健康意识培训。100多名医生、护士和辅助人员参加了福祉讲习班。 在塞拉利昂埃博拉疫情爆发期间，在非专家环境中采取护士主导的方法是提供心理健康和心理社会支持服务的成功模式。强有力的领导和伙伴关系是建立成功的服务的关键。缺乏负担得起的精神药物、人力资源有限和社会福利结构薄弱仍然是挑战。
Reported levels of mental health and psychosocial problems rose during the 2014–2015 Ebola virus disease outbreak in Sierra Leone. As part of the emergency response, existing plans to create mental health units within the existing hospital framework were brought forward. A nurse-led mental health and psychosocial support service, with an inpatient liaison service and an outpatient clinic, was set up at the largest government hospital in the country. One mental health nurse trained general nurses in psychological first aid, case identification and referral pathways. Health-care staff attended mental well-being workshops on coping with stigma and stress. Mental health service provision in Sierra Leone is poor, with one specialist psychiatric hospital to serve the population of 7 million. From March 2015 to February 2016, 143 patients were seen at the clinic; 20 had survived or had relatives affected by Ebola virus disease. Half the patients (71) had mild distress or depression, anxiety disorders and grief or social problems, while 30 patients presented with psychosis requiring medication. Fourteen non-specialist nurses received mental health awareness training. Over 100 physicians, nurses and auxiliary staff participated in well-being workshops. A nurse-led approach within a non-specialist setting was a successful model for delivering mental health and psychosocial support services during the Ebola outbreak in Sierra Leone. Strong leadership and partnerships were essential for establishing a successful service. Lack of affordable psychotropic medications, limited human resources and weak social welfare structures remain challenges.