Are there distinctive clusters of higher and lower status universities in the UK?
Are there distinctive clusters of higher and lower status universities in the UK?
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DOI：
10.1080/03054985.2015.1082905
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发表时间：
2015-09-03
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Boliver, Vikki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Boliver, Vikki
1992年，大学和理工学院之间的二元划分被拆除，为英国建立了一个名义上的单一高等教育体系。仅仅一年后，第一个英国大学排行榜公布，一年后，罗素集团的形成，自称领先的大学。本文探讨了英国是否存在由地位较高和较低的大学组成的独特的集群，特别是罗素集团的机构是否可以说是构成了一个独特的精英阶层。对英国大学的研究活动、教学质量、经济资源、学术选择性和社会经济学学生组合等公开数据的聚类分析表明，（1992年前）大学的特点是更高水平的研究活动，更大的财富，更成功的学术和社会经济学更好的学生入学，但类似的教学质量水平，与新的（1992年后）机构相比。在老牌大学中，牛津和剑桥成为精英阶层，而罗素集团的其余22所大学似乎与大多数其他老牌大学没有区别。新大学之间的分化也很明显，大约四分之一的新大学形成了一个独特的低层。
In 1992 the binary divide between universities and polytechnics was dismantled to create a nominally unitary system of higher education for the UK. Just a year later, the first UK university league table was published, and the year after that saw the formation of the Russell Group of self-proclaimed leading' universities. This paper asks whether there are distinctive clusters of higher and lower status universities in the UK, and, in particular, whether the Russell Group institutions can be said to constitute a distinctive elite tier. Cluster analysis of publicly available data on the research activity, teaching quality, economic resources, academic selectivity, and socioeconomic student mix of UK universities demonstrates that the former binary divide persists with Old (pre-1992) universities characterised by higher levels of research activity, greater wealth, more academically successful and socioeconomically advantaged student intakes, but similar levels of teaching quality, compared to New (post-1992) institutions. Among the Old universities, Oxford and Cambridge emerge as an elite tier, whereas the remaining 22 Russell Group universities appear to be undifferentiated from the majority of other Old universities. A division among the New universities is also evident, with around a quarter of New universities forming a distinctive lower tier.