Long-term changes in Symbiodinium communities in Orbicella annularis in St. John, US Virgin Islands
Long-term changes in Symbiodinium communities in Orbicella annularis in St. John, US Virgin Islands
复制标题
DOI：
10.3354/meps10808
复制
发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Gates, Ruth D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edmunds, Peter J.;Pochon, Xavier;Gates, Ruth D.
监测珊瑚礁的努力很少将生态和遗传工具联合收割机结合起来，以深入了解驱动变化模式的过程。我们专注于在14米深的珊瑚礁在圣约翰，美属维尔京群岛，并使用这两套工具来检查12个殖民地的Orbicella（原Montastraea）annularis在2 photoquadrats进行了监测16年，并在研究的开始和结束时进行遗传采样。每年评估珊瑚覆盖和菌落生长，2010年使用微卫星对珊瑚宿主进行遗传鉴定，1994年和2010年使用叶绿体23S（克隆）和核ITS2（克隆和焦磷酸测序）对珊瑚共生藻进行基因分型。1994年至2010年间，珊瑚覆盖率从40%下降到28%，12个采样菌落中有3个的大小增加，而9个的大小减少。随着时间的推移，珊瑚之间的共生藻分支的相对丰度变化，变化模式不同的photoquadrats之间，但不是宿主基因型。共生藻群落在8个珊瑚在1 photoquadrat不同的殖民地，并随着时间的推移而改变，减少丰富的分支C和增加丰富的分支B的趋势。在第二photoquadrat的4个珊瑚共生藻群落之间的殖民地相似，占主导地位的分支C，并保持相对恒定的分支组成随着时间的推移。这项研究仅对少量珊瑚进行了抽样分析，但在长期尺度和所采用的技术组合方面是独特的，根据这项分析，这项研究表明，珊瑚覆盖面变化的基本过程是复杂的，难以预测。米尺度的礁微生境变化影响了O。annularis和宿主基因型加上共生藻群落的变化似乎介导殖民地的成功。
Efforts to monitor coral reefs rarely combine ecological and genetic tools to provide insight into the processes driving patterns of change. We focused on a coral reef at 14 m depth in St. John, US Virgin Islands, and used both sets of tools to examine 12 colonies of Orbicella (formerly Montastraea) annularis in 2 photoquadrats that were monitored for 16 yr and sampled genetically at the start and end of the study. Coral cover and colony growth were assessed annually, microsatellites were used to genetically identify coral hosts in 2010, and their Symbiodinium were genotyped using chloroplastic 23S (cloning) and nuclear ITS2 (cloning and pyrosequencing) in 1994 and 2010. Coral cover declined from 40 to 28% between 1994 and 2010, and 3 of the 12 sampled colonies increased in size, while 9 decreased in size. The relative abundance of Symbiodinium clades varied among corals over time, and patterns of change differed between photoquadrats but not among host genotypes. Symbiodinium communities in 8 corals in 1 photoquadrat differed among colonies and changed over time, with a trend towards reduced abundance of clade C and increased abundance of clade B. Symbiodinium communities in 4 corals in the second photoquadrat were similar among colonies, dominated by clade C, and remained relatively constant in clade composition over time. Based on an analysis that sampled only a small number of corals, but is unique in the long temporal scale and the combination of techniques employed, this study demonstrates that the processes underlying shifts in coral cover are complex and difficult to predict. Meter-scale variation in reef microhabitats affected Symbiodinium communities in O. annularis, and host genotype coupled with variation in Symbiodinium communities appeared to mediate colony success.