Organs-on-chips at the frontiers of drug discovery.
Organs-on-chips at the frontiers of drug discovery.
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在药物发现的边界，片上的器官。
DOI：
10.1038/nrd4539
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发表时间：
2015-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Huh D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Esch EW;Bahinski A;Huh D
提高人类药物反应临床前预测的有效性对于减少临床试验中代价高昂的失败至关重要。细胞生物学、微制造和微流体学的最新进展使人体器官功能单元的微工程模型得以开发，这种模型被称为芯片上的器官，可以为具有更大预测能力的临床前分析提供基础。在这里，我们考察了芯片上器官技术在临床前药物发现的一系列领域中应用的新机会，如靶标识别和验证、基于靶标的筛选和表型筛选。我们还讨论了芯片上器官带来的新的药物发现机会，以及在实现这项技术的全部潜力方面的重要挑战。
Improving the effectiveness of preclinical predictions of human drug responses is critical to reducing costly failures in clinical trials. Recent advances in cell biology, microfabrication and microfluidics have enabled the development of microengineered models of the functional units of human organs — known as organs-on-chips — that could provide the basis for preclinical assays with greater predictive power. Here, we examine the new opportunities for the application of organ-on-chip technologies in a range of areas in preclinical drug discovery, such as target identification and validation, target-based screening, and phenotypic screening. We also discuss emerging drug discovery opportunities enabled by organs-on-chips, as well as important challenges in realizing the full potential of this technology.