Independent effects of warming and nitrogen addition on plant phenology in the Inner Mongolian steppe.
Independent effects of warming and nitrogen addition on plant phenology in the Inner Mongolian steppe.
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DOI：
10.1093/aob/mct079
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发表时间：
2013-06
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
J. Xia;S. Wan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Xia;S. Wan
背景与目的物候是植物响应区域气候变暖最敏感的性状之一。更好地了解变暖与其他环境变化因素（例如大气氮（N）沉降增加）之间的相互作用对于预测未来植物物候至关重要。方法在中国北方温带草原进行了为期四年的控制温度和氮素的田间试验。从 2006 年到 2009 年，对 8 个植物物种的物候，包括开花和结果日期以及繁殖持续时间进行了监测和计算。 主要结果 在所有物种和年份中，变暖使每个季节的开花和结果时间分别提前了 0·64 和 0·72 d，这主要是由最早的物种（委陵菜）驱动的。虽然氮添加对八个物种的物候时间没有影响，但显着延迟了阿尔泰狗花的开花时间和冰草的结果时间。开花和结果时间对变暖或氮添加的响应是耦合的，导致大多数物种的繁殖持续时间对变暖或氮添加没有响应。变暖缩短了委陵菜的繁殖期，延长了二齿葱的繁殖期，而氮添加则缩短了二齿葱的繁殖期。在任何物候事件中都没有发现变暖和氮添加之间的交互作用。这种附加效应可以归因于植物物候对变暖和氮添加的物种特异性反应。结论 结果表明，在温带草原系统中，早开花物种的植物物候的变暖响应大于晚开花物种。变暖和施氮对植物物候的影响是相互独立的。这些发现有助于更好地理解和预测植物物候对气候变暖以及其他全球变化驱动因素的反应。
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Phenology is one of most sensitive traits of plants in response to regional climate warming. Better understanding of the interactive effects between warming and other environmental change factors, such as increasing atmosphere nitrogen (N) deposition, is critical for projection of future plant phenology. METHODS A 4-year field experiment manipulating temperature and N has been conducted in a temperate steppe in northern China. Phenology, including flowering and fruiting date as well as reproductive duration, of eight plant species was monitored and calculated from 2006 to 2009. KEY RESULTS Across all the species and years, warming significantly advanced flowering and fruiting time by 0·64 and 0·72 d per season, respectively, which were mainly driven by the earliest species (Potentilla acaulis). Although N addition showed no impact on phenological times across the eight species, it significantly delayed flowering time of Heteropappus altaicus and fruiting time of Agropyron cristatum. The responses of flowering and fruiting times to warming or N addition are coupled, leading to no response of reproductive duration to warming or N addition for most species. Warming shortened reproductive duration of Potentilla bifurca but extended that of Allium bidentatum, whereas N addition shortened that of A. bidentatum. No interactive effect between warming and N addition was found on any phenological event. Such additive effects could be ascribed to the species-specific responses of plant phenology to warming and N addition. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the warming response of plant phenology is larger in earlier than later flowering species in temperate grassland systems. The effects of warming and N addition on plant phenology are independent of each other. These findings can help to better understand and predict the response of plant phenology to climate warming concurrent with other global change driving factors.