Positive and negative compatibility effects
Positive and negative compatibility effects
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DOI：
10.3758/bf03212064
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发表时间：
2000-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Proksch, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bavelier, D;Deruelle, C;Proksch, J
本文报告了一系列的四个实验，建立了负兼容性效应（NCE），通过该效应，兼容的干扰物比不兼容的干扰物导致目标表现更慢、更不准确（实验1）。这种效应被解释为一种早期知觉效应，它延迟了视觉注意在相容条件下对目标位置的归因。这种观点认为，只有当注意力必须有选择地归因于目标位置时，才应该观察到NCE。在实验2和3中，通过操纵显示器中的感知负载来测试这种预测。高感知负荷显示已知需要选择性注意（Lavie，1995）。因此，当使用高负载显示器时，观察到可靠的NCE。相比之下，减少NCE被发现在不需要选择性注意的显示。实验4表明，低水平的视觉线索，如亮度和对比度的影响，NCE的表现。总的来说，这些实验表明，NCE可以被理解为一个早期的知觉效果，这是由冲突的线索，引导注意力的分配时，任务需要选择性注意。
This paper reports a series of four experiments that established a negative compatibility effect (NCE) by which compatible distracters led to slower and less accurate target performance than did incompatible ones (Experiment 1). This effect is interpreted as an early perceptual effect that delays the attribution of visual attention over the target location in the compatible condition. This view predicted that the NCE should be observed only when attention has to be selectively attributed to the target location. In Experiments 2 and 3, this prediction was tested by manipulating the perceptual load in the display. High perceptual load displays are known to require selective attention (Lavie, 1995). Accordingly, reliable NCEs were observed when high-load displays were used. In contrast, reduced NCEs were found in displays that did not require selective attention. Experiment 4 established that the manifestation of the NCE was influenced by low-level visual cues, such as brightness and contrast. Overall, these experiments indicated that the NCE can be understood as an early perceptual effect, which arises from a conflict between the cues that guide the distribution of attention when the task requires selective attention.