A novel therapeutic anticancer property of raw garlic extract via injection but not ingestion
A novel therapeutic anticancer property of raw garlic extract via injection but not ingestion
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DOI：
10.1038/s41420-018-0122-x
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发表时间：
2018-11-21
影响因子：
7
通讯作者：
Cui, Zheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Zhiming;Le, Wenjun;Cui, Zheng
先前的研究表明，大蒜的抗癌特性只有在直接接触癌细胞时才比首先被胃肠道壁的正常上皮细胞吸收时更有效。我们在两种尚无法通过常规疗法治愈的高度侵袭性恶性肿瘤的小鼠模型中测试了这种可能性：肉瘤 180 和 EL4 诱导的致死性腹水。连续 21 天每天口服生大蒜提取物（RGE；相当于 100 毫克湿重）未能对患有恶性肿瘤的小鼠产生任何有意义的效果。然而，每天注射相同量的相同材料，连续21天，所有小鼠的癌症都完全治愈了。 RGE 的这种新型抗癌活性完全存在于小于 3000 道尔顿的分子尺寸分数中，而不是较大的分子中，并且完全分配到有机相而不是水相中。在 100 摄氏度下加热 10 分钟，一半的抗癌活性就会失活，这表明多种成分共同参与。通过直接比较，RGE 在杀死体外培养的癌细胞方面明显比其他 21 种生蔬菜和水果的提取物更有效。在细胞培养中，RGE 杀死了多种不同的癌细胞，无论其来源物种和细胞类型如何。众所周知，癌细胞通常在其正常细胞对应物中存在的许多常见代谢途径中存在缺陷，这些代谢途径用于处理正常营养物质。这些原本正常的营养物质的代谢可能会在癌细胞中停滞并变得具有细胞毒性。 RGE治疗癌症最有效的方法可能是直接注射，而不是吃煮熟的大蒜。
Prior studies suggest a possibility that the anticancer property of garlic is more effective only when exposed directly to cancer cells than absorbed first by the normal epithelial cells of the gastrointestinal tract wall. We tested this possibility in two mouse models of highly aggressive malignancies that cannot yet be cured by conventional therapies: sarcoma 180- and EL4-induced lethal ascites. Daily oral gavages of raw garlic extract (RGE; equivalent to 100 mg wet weight) for 21 days failed to offer any meaningful effect in the mice with malignancies. However, the daily injection of the same amounts of the same materials for 21 days completely cured all the mice of cancer. This novel anticancer activity of RGE was present entirely in the size fraction of the molecules smaller than 3000 Dalton rather than the larger molecules and was completely partitioned into the organic phase rather than into the aqueous phase. One half of the anticancer activity was inactivated by heating at 100 degrees C for 10 min, suggesting that multiple components were concertedly involved. In a direct comparison, the RGE was significantly more effective in killing the cultured cancer cells in vitro than the extracts from other 21 raw vegetables and fruits. In cell culture, RGE killed a wide variety of different cancer cells regardless of species of origin and cell types. Cancer cells generally are well known to be defective in many common metabolic pathways present in their normal cell counterpart for processing normal nutrients. The metabolism of these otherwise normal nutrients could be stalled in the cancer cells and become cytotoxic. The most-effective way of treating cancer by RGE may be the direct injection instead of eating the cooked garlic.