Molecular biology of plant mitochondria
Molecular biology of plant mitochondria
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01142000
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发表时间：
1996-08-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Unseld, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brennicke, A;Klein, M;Unseld, M
高等植物的线粒体基因组是动物线粒体DNA的十倍以上。大小的差异是由额外的基因，内部复制，并通过整合核和叶绿体序列解释。植物线粒体中约有100个蛋白质编码基因是由分散的启动子转录而成，具有独特的结构。转录后，mRNA和tRNA前体的主要信息被RNA编辑改变，这改变了高达15%的密码子身份。RNA编辑在几乎所有陆地植物的线粒体中都有发现，但在藻类中没有发现，这表明这一过程是在向陆地植物进化的过程中建立起来的。线粒体RNA的成熟还涉及以顺式和反式剪接构型剪接间插序列。切除这些内含子中的一些似乎需要在内含子序列中进行RNA编辑。线粒体基因的非致死性突变总是影响花粉成熟并导致雄性不育植株。
Mitochondrial genomes of higher plants are more than ten times as large as mitochondrial DNAs in animals. The size difference is explained by additional genes, by internal duplications, and by integrated nuclear and chloroplast sequences. The approximately 100 protein-coding genes in plant mitochondria are transcribed from scattered promoters with unique structures. After transcription, the primary information of mRNA and tRNA precursors is altered by RNA editing, which changes up to 15% of the codon identities. RNA editing is observed in mitochondria of almost all land plants, but has not been found in algae, suggesting that this process became established during the evolutionary transition to land plants. Maturation of mitochondrial RNAs further involves splicing of intervening sequences in cis- and trans-splicing configurations. Excision of some of these introns appears to require RNA editing in the intron sequences. Nonlethal mutations in mitochondrial genes invariably affect pollen maturation and lead to male sterile plants.