The ecology of sexual conflict: Temperature variation in the social environment can drastically modulate male harm to females
The ecology of sexual conflict: Temperature variation in the social environment can drastically modulate male harm to females
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DOI：
10.1111/1365-2435.13275
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Carazo, Pau
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Garcia-Roa, Roberto;Chirinos, Valeria;Carazo, Pau
性冲突是男性/女性适应的基本驱动力，是生物多样性的引擎，也是人口生存能力的关键决定因素。性冲突经常导致行为适应，使男性取代他们的竞争对手，但这样做会伤害他们竞争的女性，这可能会降低种群的生存能力并促进灭绝。我们还远未了解哪些因素调节性冲突的强度，特别是生态在调解潜在的行为适应中的作用。在这项研究中，我们表明，在果蝇中，环境温度的变化+/- 4摄氏度减少男性伤害对女性健身的影响在45%和73%之间。率敏感的健身估计表明，这种调制结果在平均救援的人口生产力的7%，在较冷的温度和23%，在较热的温度。我们的成果：（a）表明社会互动的热生态学可以通过行为可塑性极大地调节男性伤害，（B）确定一个潜在的关键生态因素，以了解性冲突在自然界中如何运作，（c）沿着最近的研究，表明行为可塑性反应可以减少性冲突对人口生存能力的负面影响，面对快速的环境温度变化。
Sexual conflict is a fundamental driver of male/female adaptations, an engine of biodiversity and a crucial determinant of population viability. Sexual conflict frequently leads to behavioural adaptations that allow males to displace their rivals, but in doing so harm those same females they are competing to access, which can decrease population viability and facilitate extinction. We are far from understanding what factors modulate the intensity of sexual conflict and particularly the role of ecology in mediating underlying behavioural adaptations. In this study, we show that, in Drosophila melanogaster, variations in environmental temperature of +/- 4 degrees C decrease male harm impact on female fitness by between 45% and 73%. Rate-sensitive fitness estimates indicate that such modulation results in an average rescue of population productivity of 7% at colder temperatures and 23% at hotter temperatures. Our results: (a) show that the thermal ecology of social interactions can drastically modulate male harm via behavioural plasticity, (b) identify a potentially crucial ecological factor to understand how sexual conflict operates in nature and (c), along with recent studies, suggest that behaviourally plastic responses can lessen the negative effect of sexual conflict on population viability in the face of rapid environmental temperature changes.