Eimeria tenella infections in chickens: Aspects of host-parasite: Interaction
Eimeria tenella infections in chickens: Aspects of host-parasite: Interaction
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/s0165-2427(96)05689-9
复制
发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Vervelde, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jeurissen, SHM;Janse, EM;Vervelde, L
由艾美耳球虫引起的肠道球虫病已成为世界范围内重要的经济性畜禽疾病。鸡的感染开始于摄入卵囊后，此时子孢子穿透绒毛上皮。在穿过固有层后，它们进入隐窝上皮细胞，在那里它们经历几轮无性和有性增殖，从而形成裂殖子和后来的配子体。当大配子与小配子受精时，形成卵囊，并在粪便中排出。如今，通过添加到食物中的抗球虫药物来预防球虫病，但这些药物的长期使用不可避免地导致耐药艾美耳球虫菌株的出现。在感染过程中，有三个阶段，当鸡免疫系统可以抑制寄生虫的发展。第一种是当子孢子寻找穿透位点并与上皮结合时。第二种是当子孢子位于绒毛上皮内白细胞之间时。第三是在其通过固有层到隐窝上皮的过程中。为了研究这一点，在对球虫病的免疫诱导和效应阶段的决定性因素进行了原位研究，我们的研究表明，三种现象是负责对艾美耳球虫感染的免疫。首先，寄生虫在固有层中的实际传代和存在以诱导免疫，其次，子孢子似乎是免疫的最重要的寄生虫阶段，第三，细胞毒性T细胞是抑制寄生虫所必需的。
Intestinal coccidiosis, caused by various species of Eimeria, has become an economically important disease of poultry and livestock throughout the world. Infection of chickens starts after ingestion of oocysts when sporozoites penetrate the epithelium of the villi. After passage through the lamina propria, they enter crypt epithelial cells where they undergo several rounds of asexual and sexual proliferation, thus forming merozoites and later, gametocytes. When macrogametes are fertilized by microgametes, oocysts are formed that are shed in the faeces. Nowadays, coccidiosis is prevented by anticoccidial drugs that are added to food, but the prolonged use of these drugs leads inevitably to the emergence of resistent Eimeria strains. During infection, there are three stages when the chicken immune system can inhibit parasitic development. The first is when the sporozoite searches for a site of penetration and binds to the epithelium. The second is when the sporozoite is in the villus epithelium amongst intra-epithelial leucocytes. The third is during its passage through the lamina propria to the crypt epithelium. To investigate this, the decisive factors in the induction and effector phase of immunity against coccidiosis have been investigated in situ, Our studies have revealed that three phenomena are responsible for immunity against Eimeria infections. First, the actual passage and presence of parasites in the lamina propria to induce immunity, Second, the sporozoite seems to be the most important parasite stage for immunity, and third, cytotoxic T cells are necessary to inhibit parasites.