Service sector and perceived social support at work in Norwegian nurses' aides
Service sector and perceived social support at work in Norwegian nurses' aides
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DOI：
10.1007/s00420-003-0447-4
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Eriksen, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eriksen, W
目标。工作中的社会支持与降低患病和病假风险有关。因此，确定工作中社会支持的决定因素非常重要。摘要本研究旨在探讨护理助理工作中社会支持水平与服务行业的关系。方法。1999年，挪威卫生和社会工作者联盟组织了一份随机抽样的护士助理问卷。在12000名接受者中，7478人（62.3%）完成了问卷调查。6234名从事职业活动的女性受访者构成了这项研究的样本。工作中感知到的社会支持通过标准化问卷——北欧工作中心理和社会因素调查问卷（QPSNordic）中的量表进行评估。每个服务部门与所有其他部门进行比较。由于多重比较，显著性水平设为0.01，使用99%的置信区间。结果。在调整了年龄和工作时间表后，我们发现了以下关联：精神科的助手更常报告直接上级的高水平支持[优势比（OR） 1.72；99%可信区间（CI） 1.29-2.29]和社区护理服务（OR 1.22; CI 1.01-1.48），而养老院的助手较少（OR 0.67; CI 0.58-0.77）。精神科的助手更常报告工作单位的鼓励和支持文化（OR 1.55; CI 1.13-2.13），而疗养院的助手较少报告（OR 0.79; CI 0.69-0.92）。结论。护理助理在工作中的社会支持感知水平因服务行业而异。组织结构、人力资源和工作任务的差异可以解释这一结果。养老院的管理者必须更加重视在他们的工作单位中创造一种支持性的文化。改组和人员培训可以是这一努力的组成部分。可能还需要更高的拨款。
Objectives. Social support at work is associated with reduced risk of illness and sickness absence. Identifying determinants of social support at work is, hence, important. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between service sector and level of social support at work in nurses' aides. Methods. A random sample of nurses' aides, organised by the Norwegian Union of Health-and Social Workers, was mailed a questionnaire in 1999. Of 12,000 recipients, 7,478 (62.3%) completed the questionnaire. The 6,234 vocationally active, female respondents comprised the sample of this study. Perceived social support at work was assessed by scales in the standardised questionnaire, the General Nordic Questionnaire for Psychological and Social Factors at Work (QPSNordic). Each service sector was compared with all other sectors. Because of multiple comparisons, the significance level was set at 0.01, and 99% confidence intervals were used. Results. The following associations were found, after adjustments for age and work schedule: high levels of support from the immediate superior were reported more often by aides in the psychiatric sector [odds ratio (OR) 1.72; 99% confidence interval (CI) 1.29-2.29] and community-nurse service (OR 1.22; CI 1.01-1.48), and less often by aides in nursing homes (OR 0.67; CI 0.58-0.77). Encouraging and supportive culture in the work unit was reported more often by aides in the psychiatric sector (OR 1.55; CI 1.13-2.13), and less often by aides in nursing homes (OR 0.79; CI 0.69-0.92). Conclusions. In nurses' aides, perceived level of social support at work varies with service sector. Differences in organisational structure, personnel resources, and work tasks could explain the results. It is essential that managers in nursing homes put more emphasis on creating a supportive culture in their work units. Reorganisation and training of personnel could be elements of this effort. Higher grants may also be needed.