Antioxidants protect calsequestrin-1 knockout mice from halothane- and heat-induced sudden death.
Antioxidants protect calsequestrin-1 knockout mice from halothane- and heat-induced sudden death.
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DOI：
10.1097/aln.0000000000000748
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发表时间：
2015-09
期刊：
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Protasi F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Michelucci A;Paolini C;Canato M;Wei-Lapierre L;Pietrangelo L;De Marco A;Reggiani C;Dirksen RT;Protasi F
Mice lacking calsequestrin-1 (CASQ1-null), a Ca2+ binding protein that modulates the activity of Ca2+ release in skeletal muscle, exhibit lethal hypermetabolic episodes that resemble malignant hyperthermia (MH) in humans when exposed to halothane or heat stress. As oxidative species may play a critical role in MH crises, we treated CASQ1-null mice with two antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine (NAC provided ad libitum in drinking water) and Trolox (administered by intra-peritoneal injection), before exposure to halothane (2%, 1 h) or heat (41°C, 1 h). NAC and Trolox significantly protected CASQ1-null mice from lethal episodes, with mortality being: 79% (n=14), 25% (n=16) and 20% (n=5) during halothane exposure and 86% (n=21), 29% (n=21) and 33% (n=6) during heat-stress in un-treated, NAC- and Trolox- treated mice, respectively. During heat challenge, the increase in core temperature in CASQ1-null mice (42.3±0.1°C, n=10) was significantly reduced by both NAC and Trolox (40.6±0.3°C, n=6; 40.5±0.2°C, n=6). NAC treatment of CASQ1-null muscles/mice normalized caffeine sensitivity during in-vitro contracture tests, Ca2+ transients in single fibers, and significantly reduced the percentage of fibers undergoing rhabdomyolysis (37.6±2.5%, 38/101 fibers in 3 mice; 11.6±1.1%, 21/186 fibers in 5 mice respectively). The protective effect of antioxidant treatment likely resulted from mitigation of oxidative stress, as NAC reduced mitochondrial superoxide production, superoxide dismutase type-1 (SOD1) and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) expression, and increased both reduced glutathione (GSH) and GSH/GSSG ratio. These studies provide a deeper understanding of the mechanisms that underlie hyperthermic crises in calsequestrin-1 deficient muscle and demonstrate that antioxidant pre-treatment may prevent them.
