The early infant gut microbiome varies in association with a maternal high-fat diet.
The early infant gut microbiome varies in association with a maternal high-fat diet.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s13073-016-0330-z
复制
发表时间：
2016-08-09
期刊：
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
Aagaard KM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chu DM;Antony KM;Ma J;Prince AL;Showalter L;Moller M;Aagaard KM
越来越多的证据表明，宫内环境并不像人们曾经认为的那样是无菌的。在小鼠身上的研究表明，在怀孕期间，共生细菌从母亲传播给胎儿，尽管尚不清楚是什么调节了这一过程。我们之前已经在非人类灵长类动物中表明，与肥胖无关，孕期和哺乳期的母体高脂肪饮食持续塑造幼年肠道微生物群。因此，我们试图在以人群为基础的人类纵向队列中询问，母亲的高脂肪饮食是否类似地改变了早期生命中新生儿和婴儿的肠道微生物群。一个有代表性的队列是在妊娠早期或产期(n = )入选的，其中一个子集同意在产后间隔时间内进行纵向抽样(n = 81)。多个身体部位的样本，包括粪便和胎粪，在分娩时和6周大时从新生儿身上收集。一份快速饮食问卷被用来估计过去一个月脂肪、添加糖和纤维的摄入量(国家健康和检查调查)。从每个婴儿粪便标本(Mobio)中提取DNA，进行16S rRNA基因测序和分析。平均而言，孕妇膳食脂肪摄入量在14.0-55.2%之间，平均摄入量为33.1%(σ = 为6.1%)。饮食与平均值(±1标准差)有显著差异的母亲被分为两组，对照组(n = 13，μ = 24.4%)和高脂组(n = 13，μ = 43.1%)。主坐标分析表明，新生儿出生时粪便的微生物群(胎粪)因母亲孕期饮食的不同而聚集在一起(PERMANOVA p = 0.001)。Lefse特征选择确定了几个区分这两个群体的分类群，暴露于持续到6周大的母亲高脂肪妊娠饮食(学生t检验，p <； 0.05)的新生儿中类杆菌显著减少。与灵长类动物相似，与母亲的体重指数无关，母亲的高脂肪饮食与出生时新生儿肠道微生物群的明显变化有关，这种变化持续到4-6周大。我们的发现强调了在怀孕和哺乳期间对孕妇进行常量营养素摄取咨询的重要性。本文的在线版本(doi：10.1186/s13073-0160330-z)包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。
Emerging evidence suggests that the in utero environment is not sterile as once presumed. Work in the mouse demonstrated transmission of commensal bacteria from mother to fetus during gestation, though it is unclear what modulates this process. We have previously shown in the nonhuman primate that, independent of obesity, a maternal high-fat diet during gestation and lactation persistently shapes the juvenile gut microbiome. We therefore sought to interrogate in a population-based human longitudinal cohort whether a maternal high-fat diet similarly alters the neonatal and infant gut microbiome in early life. A representative cohort was prospectively enrolled either in the early third trimester or intrapartum (n = 163), with a subset consented to longitudinal sampling through the postpartum interval (n = 81). Multiple body site samples, including stool and meconium, were collected from neonates at delivery and by 6 weeks of age. A rapid dietary questionnaire was administered to estimate intake of fat, added sugars, and fiber over the past month (National Health and Examination Survey). DNA was extracted from each infant meconium/stool sample (MoBio) and subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysis. On average, the maternal dietary intake of fat ranged from 14.0 to 55.2 %, with an average intake of 33.1 % (σ = 6.1 %). Mothers whose diets significantly differed from the mean (±1 standard deviation) were separated into two distinct groups, a control group (n = 13, μ = 24.4 %) and a high-fat group (n = 13, μ = 43.1 %). Principal coordinate analysis revealed that the microbiome of the neonatal stool at birth (meconium) clustered differently by virtue of maternal gestational diet (PERMANOVA p = 0.001). LEfSe feature selection identified several taxa that discriminated the groups, with a notable relative depletion of Bacteroides in the neonates exposed to a maternal high-fat gestational diet (Student’s t-test, p < 0.05) that persisted to 6 weeks of age. Similar to the primate, independent of maternal body mass index, a maternal high-fat diet is associated with distinct changes in the neonatal gut microbiome at birth which persist through 4–6 weeks of age. Our findings underscore the importance of counseling pregnant mothers on macronutrient consumption during pregnancy and lactation. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-016-0330-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.