Antigen presentation in EAE: role of microglia, macrophages and dendritic cells
Antigen presentation in EAE: role of microglia, macrophages and dendritic cells
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DOI：
10.2741/3781
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Castellano, Bernardo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Almolda, Beatriz;Gonzalez, Berta;Castellano, Bernardo
实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎（EAE）是一种成熟的多发性硬化模型，其特征在于小胶质细胞活化和淋巴细胞浸润。通过抗原呈递过程的淋巴细胞活化涉及三个主要信号，第一个信号由主要组织相容性复合物分子（MHC）与T细胞受体（TCR）的接合提供，第二个信号由共刺激分子的结合提供，第三个信号由抗原呈递细胞（APC）的特定群体中的T细胞极化分子的分泌或表达提供。小胶质细胞被认为是中枢神经系统（CNS）中主要的APC细胞群。特别是在EAE中，已经报道了小胶质细胞中MHC、共刺激分子和不同T细胞极化因子的增加。然而，越来越多的证据表明，树突状细胞（DCs），在外周免疫系统中的主要APC，也可能参与调节T细胞在中枢神经系统的反应。在这篇综述中，我们总结的主要知识EAE小胶质细胞/巨噬细胞的功能和它们在T细胞的调节作用，以及参与DCs在与这种疾病相关的免疫反应。
Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a well-established model of multiple sclerosis, is characterised by microglial activation and lymphocytic infiltration. Lymphocytic activation through the antigen presentation process involves three main signals, the first provided by the engagement of major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHC) with the receptor of T-cells (TCR), the second by the binding of co-stimulatory molecules and the third by the secretion or expression of T-cell polarising molecules in specific populations of antigen presenting cells (APC). Microglial cells are considered to be the main APC population in the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically in EAE an increase in MHCs, costimulatory molecules and different T-cell polarising factors have been reported in microglia. However, a growing number of evidences suggest that dendritic cells (DCs), the main APC in the peripheral immune system, may also participate in the regulation of T-cell responses within the CNS. In this review we summarize the principal knowledge regarding microglial/macrophage function in EAE and their role in T-cell modulation, as well as the participation of DCs in the immune response associated to this disease.